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Hall, Richard C. ed. War in the Balkans: An Encyclopedic History from the Fall of the Ottoman Empire to the Breakup of Yugoslavia (2014) Howard, Harry N. "The Balkan Wars in perspective: their significance for Turkey." Balkan Studies 3.2 (1962): 267–276 online. Jelavich, Barbara (1983). History of the Balkans: Twentieth Century. Vol. 2.
The Bosnian Crisis, also known as the Annexation Crisis (German: Bosnische Annexionskrise, Turkish: Bosna Krizi; Serbo-Croatian: Aneksiona kriza, Анексиона криза) or the First Balkan Crisis, erupted on 5 October 1908 [1] when Austria-Hungary announced the annexation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, [a] territories formerly within the sovereignty of the Ottoman Empire but under Austro ...
[23] [24] [25] Over 2.2 million people were displaced, [26] making it, at the time, the most violent conflict in Europe since the end of World War II. [27] [28] In addition, an estimated 12,000–50,000 women were raped, mainly carried out by Serb forces, with most of the victims being Bosniak women. [29] [30]
1 Aeritalia G.222 shot down, 8 killed [1] [2] 1 French Mirage 2000 crashed in the Adriatic sea, pilot rescued [3] 1 BAE Sea Harrier shot down [4] 1 BAE Sea Harrier crashed in the Adriatic Sea [5] 1 Spanish C-212 damaged near Slunj [6] 1 F-16C shot down [7] 2 Dassault Étendard IV damaged [8] [9] 1 F/A-18C Hornet crashed in the Adriatic sea ...
Danish cartoon shows Balkan states attacking the Ottoman Empire in the First Balkan War, October 1912 The Treaty of London ended the First Balkan War on 30 May 1913. All Ottoman territory west of the Enez - Kıyıköy line was ceded to the Balkan League, according to the status quo at the time of the armistice.
Operation Deliberate Force was a sustained air campaign conducted by NATO, in concert with the UNPROFOR ground operations, to undermine the military capability of the Army of Republika Srpska, which had threatened and attacked UN-designated "safe areas" in Bosnia and Herzegovina during the Bosnian War with the Srebrenica genocide and Markale massacres, precipitating the intervention.
Siege of Sarajevo; Part of the Bosnian War: Clockwise from top left: Crashed civilian vehicle after being fired upon with small arms; UNPROFOR forces in the city; Government building hit by tank shelling; U.S. airstrike on VRS positions; Overview of the city in 1996; VRS soldiers before a prisoner exchange.
The powder keg of Europe or Balkan powder keg was the Balkans in the early part of the 20th century preceding World War I. There were many overlapping claims to territories and spheres of influence between the major European powers such as the Russian Empire , the Austro-Hungarian Empire , the German Empire and, to a lesser degree, the Ottoman ...