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Some hobbyists have developed computer programs that will solve Sudoku puzzles using a backtracking algorithm, which is a type of brute force search. [3] Backtracking is a depth-first search (in contrast to a breadth-first search), because it will completely explore one branch to a possible solution before moving to another branch.
The general problem of solving Sudoku puzzles on n 2 ×n 2 grids of n×n blocks is known to be NP-complete. [8] A puzzle can be expressed as a graph coloring problem. [9] The aim is to construct a 9-coloring of a particular graph, given a partial 9-coloring. The Sudoku graph has 81 vertices, one vertex for each cell.
Many Sudoku solving algorithms, such as brute force-backtracking and dancing links can solve most 9×9 puzzles efficiently, but combinatorial explosion occurs as n increases, creating practical limits to the properties of Sudokus that can be constructed, analyzed, and solved as n increases.
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Sudoku. Completely fill the 9x9 grid, using the values 1 through 9 only once in each 3x3 section of the puzzle. By Masque Publishing
Tanner graph of a Sudoku. denotes the entries of the Sudoku in row-scan order. denotes the constraint functions: =, …, associated with rows, =, …, associated with columns and =, …, associated with the sub-grids of the Sudoku.. There are several possible decoding methods for sudoku codes. Some algorithms are very specific developments for Sudoku codes. Several methods are described in ...
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A graph coloring of the Sudoku graph using this number of colors (the minimum possible number of colors for this graph) can be interpreted as a solution to the puzzle. The usual form of a Sudoku puzzle, in which some cells are filled in with symbols and the rest must be filled in by the person solving the puzzle, corresponds to the precoloring ...