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Nanowires also show other peculiar electrical properties due to their size. Unlike single wall carbon nanotubes, whose motion of electrons can fall under the regime of ballistic transport (meaning the electrons can travel freely from one electrode to the other), nanowire conductivity is strongly influenced by edge effects.
ZnO nanowires are grown epitaxially on the substrate and assemble into monolayer arrays. Metal-organic chemical vapor deposition has also been recently developed. No catalyst is involved in this process and the growth temperature is at 400 ~500 °C, i.e. considerably milder conditions compared to the traditional vapor growth method. [3]
Such nanowires have promising applications in lithium-ion batteries, thermoelectrics and sensors. Initial synthesis of SiNWs is often accompanied by thermal oxidation steps to yield structures of accurately tailored size and morphology. [1] SiNWs have unique properties that are not seen in bulk (three-dimensional) silicon materials.
Inorganic nanomaterials, (e.g. quantum dots, [29] nanowires, and nanorods) because of their interesting optical and electrical properties, could be used in optoelectronics. [30] Furthermore, the optical and electronic properties of nanomaterials which depend on their size and shape can be tuned via synthetic techniques.
Nanowire lasers can be grown site-selectively on Si/SOI wafers with conventional MBE techniques, allowing for pristine structural quality without defects. Nanowire lasers using the group-III nitride and ZnO materials systems have been demonstrated to emit in the visible and ultraviolet, however infrared at the 1.3–1.55 μm is important for telecommunication bands. [3]
Most types of molecular wires are derived from organic molecules. One naturally occurring molecular wire is DNA.Prominent inorganic examples include polymeric materials such as Li 2 Mo 6 Se 6 [1] and Mo 6 S 9−x I x, [2] [3] [4] [Pd 4 (CO) 4 (OAc) 4 Pd(acac) 2], [5] and single-molecule extended metal atom chains (EMACs) which comprise strings of transition metal atoms directly bonded to each ...
In mesoscopic physics, a quantum wire is an electrically conducting wire in which quantum effects influence the transport properties. Usually such effects appear in the dimension of nanometers, so they are also referred to as nanowires .
As a result of their ballistic conductivity, silicon nanotubes and nanowires have been considered for use in electronics, e.g. in thermoelectric generators. [8] Since the structure can accommodate molecules of hydrogen so it might resemble coal without the CO 2, it appears that silicon nanomaterials may behave like a metal fuel.
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