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Myelin basic protein (MBP) is a protein believed [weasel words] to be important in the process of myelination of nerves in the nervous system. The myelin sheath is a multi-layered membrane, unique to the nervous system, that functions as an insulator to greatly increase the velocity of axonal impulse conduction . [ 5 ]
Researchers from the Mayo Clinic developed an animal model that involved mice receiving twice daily doses of minced pig brain tissue in saline intranasally. Biochemical testing indicated the signature autoantibodies (potassium channel antibodies, myelin basic protein antibodies and calcium channel antibodies) were present in experimental mice. [6]
EAE can be induced in a number of species, including mice, rats, guinea pigs, rabbits and primates. The most commonly used antigens in rodents are spinal cord homogenate (SCH), purified myelin, myelin protein such as MBP, PLP, and MOG, or peptides of these proteins, all resulting in distinct models with different disease characteristics regarding both immunology and pathology.
In terms of total mass, myelin comprises approximately 40% water; the dry mass comprises between 60% and 75% lipid and between 15% and 25% protein. Protein content includes myelin basic protein (MBP), [21] which is abundant in the CNS where it plays a critical, non-redundant role in formation of compact myelin; myelin oligodendrocyte ...
Myelin is formed by oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system and Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system.Therefore, the first stage of myelinogenesis is often defined as the differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) or Schwann cell progenitors into their mature counterparts, [4] followed by myelin formation around axons.
PLP1 is a critical protein for myelin formation. PMD is classified as a leukodystrophy, meaning that it is a disease affecting the white matter of the brain. Madhavan et al. tested how well their myelinoid system could recapitulate the established cellular pathology of PMD.
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The crystal structure of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein was determined by x-ray diffraction at a resolution of 1.45 Angstroms, using protein from the Norway rat. This protein is 139 residues long, and is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. [ 13 ]
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