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During the test the pore pressures of fluids (e.g., water, oil) or gasses in the sample may be measured using Bishop's pore pressure apparatus. From the triaxial test data, it is possible to extract fundamental material parameters about the sample, including its angle of shearing resistance, apparent cohesion, and dilatancy angle.
The drained shear strength is the shear strength of the soil when pore fluid pressures, generated during the course of shearing the soil, are able to dissipate during shearing. It also applies where no pore water exists in the soil (the soil is dry) and hence pore fluid pressures are negligible.
A direct shear test is a laboratory or field test used by geotechnical engineers to measure the shear strength properties of soil [1] [2] or rock [2] material, or of discontinuities in soil or rock masses. [2] [3] The U.S. and U.K. standards defining how the test should be performed are ASTM D 3080, AASHTO T236 and BS 1377-7:1990
The pressure exerted by soil against the wall is referred to as active pressure. The resistance offered by the soil to an object pushing against it is referred to as "passive pressure". Rankine's theory is applicable to incompressible soils. The equation for cohesionless active earth pressure is expressed as: = where:
The shear vane test is a method of measuring the undrained shear strength of a cohesive soil. The test is carried out with equipment consisting of a rod with vanes mounted to it that is inserted into the ground and rotated. A gauge on the top of the rod measures the torque required to cause failure of the soil and provides a conversion to shear ...
Triaxial shear tests This is a type of test that is used to determine the shear strength properties of a soil. It can simulate the confining pressure a soil would see deep into the ground. It can also simulate drained and undrained conditions. Unconfined compression test ASTM D2166. This test compresses a soil sample to measure its strength.
Other advantages of the fall cone test include the alternative to estimate the undrained shear strength of a soil based on the fall cone factor K. [2] In the Fall cone test, a stainless steel cone of a standardized weight and tip angle is positioned so that its tip just touches a soil sample. The cone is released for a determined period of time ...
The shear strength of soil is primarily due to interparticle friction and therefore, the shear resistance on a plane is approximately proportional to the effective normal stress on that plane. [3] The angle of internal friction is thus closely related to the maximum stable slope angle, often called the angle of repose.