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  2. Reference ranges for urine tests - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reference_ranges_for_urine...

    Reference ranges for urine tests are described below: Measurement Lower limit Upper limit ... White blood cells (WBCs) 0 [2] 2 [2] pH: 5 [2] 7 [2] (unitless) Protein ...

  3. Pyuria - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyuria

    Pyuria is the condition of urine containing white blood cells or pus. Defined as the presence of 6-10 or more neutrophils per high power field of unspun, voided mid-stream urine, it can be a sign of a bacterial urinary tract infection. Pyuria may be present in people with sepsis, or in older people with pneumonia.

  4. Urinalysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urinalysis

    The clarity of urine is also recorded during urinalysis. Urine is typically clear; materials such as crystals, cells, bacteria, and mucus can impart a cloudy appearance. [26] A milky appearance can be caused by a very high concentration of white blood cells or fats, or by chyluria (the presence of lymphatic fluid in the urine). [34]

  5. Urine test strip - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urine_test_strip

    The urine test strip test for blood is based on hemoglobin's pseudo peroxidase activity in catalysing a reaction between hydrogen peroxide and the chromogen tetramethylbenzidine in order to produce a dark blue oxidation product. [6] [13] the resultant colour can vary between green and dark blue depending on the amount of hemoglobin. [13]

  6. Urine test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urine_test

    Simple point-of-care tests can detect pregnancy by identifying the presence of beta-hCG in the urine [5] and indicate the use of recreational drugs by detecting excreted drugs or their metabolites. [6] Analysis of abnormal cells in urine (urine cytology) can help to diagnose some cancers, [7] and testing for organic acids or amino acids in ...

  7. Leukocyte esterase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leukocyte_esterase

    Leukocyte esterase (LE) is an esterase (a type of enzyme) produced by leukocytes (white blood cells). A leukocyte esterase test (LE test) is a urine test for the presence of white blood cells and other abnormalities associated with infection. White blood cells in the urine can indicate a urinary tract infection (UTI). Positive test results may ...

  8. Bacteriuria - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacteriuria

    Bacteriuria is assumed if a single bacterial species is isolated in a concentration greater than 100,000 colony forming units per millilitre of urine in clean-catch midstream urine specimens. [16] In urine samples obtained from women, there is a risk for bacterial contamination from the vaginal flora.

  9. File:RTE cast, muddy granular cast, WBC cast and RBC cast in ...

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:RTE_cast,_muddy...

    English: From source: "Urine microscopy for analysis of urine sediments. Renal tubular epithelial cell casts (a) and “Muddy” brown granular casts (b) suggest acute tubular injury/necrosis (ATN) as the etiology of AKI. White blood cell casts are generally seen in acute interstitial nephritis or acute pyelonephritis (c).