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Mars Pathfinder [1] was an American robotic spacecraft that landed a base station with a roving probe on Mars in 1997. It consisted of a lander , renamed the Carl Sagan Memorial Station , and a lightweight, 10.6 kg (23 lb) wheeled robotic Mars rover named Sojourner , [ 4 ] the first rover to operate outside the Earth–Moon system.
The robotic Sojourner rover reached Mars on July 4, 1997 as part of the Mars Pathfinder mission. Sojourner was operational on Mars for 92 sols (95 Earth days), and was the first wheeled vehicle to operate on an astronomical object other than the Earth or Moon.
Original – Various images of the Sojourner rover shot by the Pathfinder cameras have been composited into the 360 degree Presidential Panorama. Since the camera's position was consistent, it is thus possible to see these images of the rover in the context of the entire landscape.
Lost with Mars 96: 29 Mars Pathfinder: Mars Pathfinder: 4 December 1996: NASA United States: Lander Successful Landed at 19.13°N 33.22°W on 4 July 1997, [17] Last contact on 27 September 1997 Delta II 7925: Sojourner: Rover Successful First rover to operate on another planet. Operated for 84 days [18] 30 Nozomi: Nozomi (PLANET-B) 3 July 1998 ...
Anthony Spear was an American space exploration project manager most notable for leading the Mars Pathfinder mission for JPL/NASA in 1996. [1] He retired from JPL in 1998. [2] He competed for the Google Lunar X Prize with Red Whittaker, Astrobotic, and Carnegie Mellon University, where he received a B.S. degree in electrical engineering in 1962.
The mission's scientific objective was to search for and characterize a wide range of rocks and soils that hold clues to past water activity on Mars. The mission was part of NASA's Mars Exploration Program, which includes three previous successful landers: the two Viking program landers in 1976; and Mars Pathfinder probe in 1997. [citation needed]
Malin was a scientist on the Mars Pathfinder mission in 1996. He was the Principal Investigator on the Mars Color Imager (MARSI) (1998), a two-camera system designed to observe the color of Mars. He had the same role for the 1999 Mars Polar Lander (which mysteriously failed to report back any data).
The first crewed Mars Mission, which would include sending astronauts to Mars, orbiting Mars, and returning to Earth, is proposed for the 2030s. [ 2 ] [ 50 ] [ 51 ] [ 52 ] Technology development for US government missions to Mars is underway, but there is no well-funded approach to bring the conceptual project to completion with human landings ...