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The development of blood clots can be interrupted and prevented by the use of medication, changing risk factors, and other interventions. Some risk factors can be modified. These would be losing weight, increasing exercise, and the cessation of oral contraceptives. Moving during periods of travel is a modifiable behavior.
Excess body weight is modifiable unlike most risk factors, and interventions or lifestyle modifications that help someone who is overweight or obese lose weight reduce DVT risk. [88] Avoiding both smoking and a Western pattern diet are thought to reduce risk. [153]
As DVT commonly precedes PE, risk factors for PE overlap with risk factors for DVT. These include a sedentary lifestyle, prior surgery, trauma, history of DVT, and hypertension. [31] A sedentary lifestyle and lack of movement are critical modifiable risk factors for PE. [32]
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is the formation of a blood clot within a deep vein. It most commonly affects leg veins, such as the femoral vein. [citation needed] Three factors are important in the formation of a blood clot within a deep vein—these are: [citation needed] the rate of blood flow, the thickness of the blood and; qualities of the ...
Some of these risk factors, such as age, sex or family history/genetic predisposition, are immutable; however, many important cardiovascular risk factors are modifiable by lifestyle change, social change, drug treatment (for example prevention of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes). [24]
Deep vein thrombosis may require thrombolysis if there is a significant risk of post-thrombotic syndrome. [42] Thrombolysis may be administered by intravenous catheter directly into the clot ("catheter-directed thrombolysis"); this requires a lower dose of the medication and may carry a lower bleeding risk but evidence for its benefit is limited.
Anticoagulation is recommended for patients with lower extremity superficial thrombophlebitis at increased risk for thromboembolism (affected venous segment of ≥5 cm, in proximity to deep venous system, positive medical risk factors). [20] Treatment with fondaparinux reduces the risk of subsequent venous thromboembolism. [21]
deep vein thrombosis (DVT) [3] [4] [5] BD71, pulmonary embolism (PE) [3] [4] [5] BB00. VTE is a common cardiovascular disorder with significant morbidity and mortality. [3] [4] [5] VTE can present with various symptoms, such as painful leg swelling, chest pain, dyspnea, hemoptysis, syncope, and even death, depending on the location and extent ...
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