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  2. Gasotransmitter - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gasotransmitter

    For one gas molecule to be categorized as a gasotransmitter, all of the following criteria should be met. [4] [3] It is a small molecule of gas; It is freely permeable to membranes. As such, its effects do not rely on the cognate membrane receptors. It can have endocrine, paracrine, and autocrine effects.

  3. Neuronal cell cycle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuronal_cell_cycle

    Alzheimer diseased neurons rarely exhibit the ability to enter mitosis and, if they don’t undergo rapid mitosis, can survive for long periods of time in a tetraploid state. These neurons are able to enter the S phase and replicate their DNA, however they become blocked in the G2 state.

  4. Gap junction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gap_junction

    Substances exchanged include small molecules, substrates, and metabolites. [1] Gap junctions were first described as close appositions as other tight junctions, but following electron microscopy studies in 1967, they were renamed gap junctions to distinguish them from tight junctions. [2] They bridge a 2-4 nm gap between cell membranes. [3]

  5. Neurotransmission - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neurotransmission

    Neurotransmission implies both a convergence and a divergence of information. First one neuron is influenced by many others, resulting in a convergence of input. When the neuron fires, the signal is sent to many other neurons, resulting in a divergence of output. Many other neurons are influenced by this neuron. [citation needed]

  6. Electrical synapse - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_synapse

    Each gap junction (sometimes called a nexus) contains numerous gap junction channels that cross the plasma membranes of both cells. [11] With a lumen diameter of about 1.2 to 2.0 nm, [2] [12] the pore of a gap junction channel is wide enough to allow ions and even medium-size molecules like signaling molecules to flow from one cell to the next, [2] [13] thereby connecting the two cells' cytoplasm.

  7. Gaseous signaling molecules - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaseous_signaling_molecules

    Gaseous signaling molecules are gaseous molecules that are either synthesized internally (endogenously) in the organism, tissue or cell or are received by the organism, tissue or cell from outside (say, from the atmosphere or hydrosphere, as in the case of oxygen) and that are used to transmit chemical signals which induce certain physiological or biochemical changes in the organism, tissue or ...

  8. Axonal transport - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axonal_transport

    Axonal transport, also called axoplasmic transport or axoplasmic flow, is a cellular process responsible for movement of mitochondria, lipids, synaptic vesicles, proteins, and other organelles to and from a neuron's cell body, through the cytoplasm of its axon called the axoplasm. [1]

  9. Synaptic vesicle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synaptic_vesicle

    The second mechanism by which synaptic vesicles are recycled is known as kiss-and-run fusion. In this case, the synaptic vesicle "kisses" the cellular membrane, opening a small pore for its neurotransmitter payload to be released through, then closes the pore and is recycled back into the cell. [18]