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Peripheral (posterior) vitreous detachment occurs when the gel around the eye separates from the retina. This can naturally occur with age. However, if it occurs too rapidly, it can cause photopsia which manifests in flashes and floaters in the vision. Typically, the flashes and floaters go away in a few months.
Artist's depiction of a scintillating scotoma, exhibiting a flashing visual pattern similar to dazzle camouflage used during WWI.. Scintillating scotoma is a common visual aura that was first described by 19th-century physician Hubert Airy (1838–1903).
The dots are usually black/gray on a white background and gray/white on a black background; however, they can also be transparent, white flashing, or colored. Presence of at least 2 additional visual symptoms of the 4 following categories: i. Palinopsia. At least 1 of the following: afterimages or trailing of moving objects. ii.
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Reddish tint to vision; Photopsia – brief flashes of light in the peripheral vision [2] Small vitreous hemorrhage often manifests itself as "floaters." A moderate case will often result in dark streaks in the vision, while dense vitreous hemorrhage can significantly inhibit vision. [3]
Isolation tank – Pitch-black, light-proof, soundproof environment heated to the same temperature as the skin; Prisoner's cinema – Visual phenomenon involving seeing animated lights in the darkness; Scintillating scotoma – Visual aura associated with migraine; Photopsia – Presence of perceived flashes of light in one's field of vision
Illusory palinopsia is often worse with high stimulus intensity and contrast ratio in a dark adapted state.Multiple types of illusory palinopsia often co-exist in a patient and occur with other diffuse, persistent illusory symptoms such as halos around objects, dysmetropsia (micropsia, macropsia, pelopsia, or teleopsia), Alice in Wonderland Syndrome, visual snow, and oscillopsia.
Moore's lightning streaks are lightning type streaks (seen to the temporal side) due to sudden head or eye movement in the dark. They are generally caused by shock waves in the vitreous humor hitting the retina or traction on the retina from fibers in the vitreous humor.