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Ethiopian liturgical chant, or Zema, is a form of Christian liturgical chant practiced by the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The related musical notation is known as melekket . [ 3 ]
Orthodox Tewahedo music refers to sacred music of the Ethiopian and Eritrean Orthodox Tewahedo Church. The music was long associated with Zema (chant), developed by the six century composer Yared. It is essential part of liturgical service in the Church and classified into fourteen anaphoras, with the normal use being the Twelve Apostles.
The Ethiopian church also rejected papal supremacy, purgatory and indulgences, which the Lutherans disagreed with, and thus for Luther, the Ethiopian church was the "true forerunner of Protestantism". [25] Luther believed that the Ethiopian church kept true apostolic practices which the Lutherans would adopt through reading the scriptures. [26]
The Ethiopic Didascalia; or, the Ethiopic version of the Apostolical constitutions, received in the church of Abyssinia. London: Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. Wanger, Anke (2011), The Biblical Canon of the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahdo Church (PDF), Euclid University; Baynes, Leslie (2012).
Saint Yared (Ge'ez: ቅዱስ ያሬድ; 25 April 505 – 20 May 571) [2] [3] [4] was an Aksumite composer in the 6th century. Often credited with being the forerunner of traditional music of Ethiopia, he developed the music of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church and Eritrean Orthodox Church.
In the Ethiopian Orthodox Church, liturgical music employs the senasel (a sistrum). [5] Additionally, the clergy will use walking stick, called mequamia, [7] to maintain rhythm. [5] Rural churches historically used a dawal to call the faithful to prayer. They are made from stone slabs or pieces of wood. [5]
Furthermore, the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church is known to observe the seventh-day Sabbath (Saturday, or the lesser Sabbath), in addition to the Lord's Day (Sunday, or the Christian Sabbath), [21] recognizing both to be holy days of joy, prayer, and contemplation, although more emphasis, because of the Resurrection of Christ, is laid upon ...
1. The prayer of the Priest 2. The prayer of the Deacon 3. The prayer of the People Priests chant and pray by reading the book, the congregants in a church follow their word like participants in praising the Lord, and deacons reads, chants, and instructs the people. All people regardless of sex and age obliged to participate to this service.