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GRIB (GRIdded Binary or General Regularly-distributed Information in Binary form [1]) is a concise data format commonly used in meteorology to store historical and forecast weather data. It is standardized by the World Meteorological Organization 's Commission for Basic Systems, known under number GRIB FM 92-IX, described in WMO Manual on Codes ...
Additional data is received from India's constellation of satellites, such as Kalpana-1, Megha-Tropiques and instruments on board the IRS series and the INSAT series of satellites. [10] Data and observations are also reported into the IMD network from meteorological instruments on board Indian merchant navy and Indian Navy ships. IMD was the ...
However, understanding tropical precipitation is important for weather and climate prediction, as this precipitation contains three-fourths of the energy that drives atmospheric wind circulation. [3] Prior to TRMM, the distribution of rainfall worldwide was known to only a 50% of certainty. [4] The concept for TRMM was first proposed in 1984.
Notice the zones without data in the East and Southwest caused by radar beam blocking from mountains. (Source: Environment Canada) Rainfall forecasts can be verified a number of ways. Rain gauge observations can be gridded into areal averages, which are then compared to the grids for the forecast models.
Weather reconnaissance aircraft, such as this WP-3D Orion, provide data that is then used in numerical weather forecasts.. The atmosphere is a fluid.As such, the idea of numerical weather prediction is to sample the state of the fluid at a given time and use the equations of fluid dynamics and thermodynamics to estimate the state of the fluid at some time in the future.
As proposed in the third five-year plan [2] of India, the Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM) was founded as the Institute of Tropical Meteorology on 17 November 1962 at Pune as an individual unit of the India Meteorological Department (IMD), the main organization responsible for meteorological observations, weather forecasts, and detecting earthquakes in India.
The tropical zones have the highest number of storm events followed by the temperate climate. In a recent study, [13] researchers from 63 countries combined 30-minutes rainfall data in order to estimate the global rainfall erosivity (an index combining the amount, frequency and intensity of rainfall). The arid and cold climate zones have very ...
The initial version of Global Historical Climatology Network was developed in the summer of 1992. [3] This first version, known as Version 1 was a collaboration between research stations and data sets alike to the World Weather Records program and the World Monthly Surface Station Climatology from the National Center for Atmospheric Research. [4]