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It is generally understood that the 1510 influenza had spread in Africa before Europe. [17] [9] Influenza was likely widespread in North Africa before crossing continents through the Mediterranean, arriving in Malta [4] [18] where British medical historian Thomas Short believed that the "island of Melite in Africa" became the 1510 flu's springboard into Europe.
A 2009 study in Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses based on data from fourteen European countries estimated a total of 2.64 million excess deaths in Europe attributable to the Spanish flu during the major 1918–1919 phase of the pandemic, in line with the three prior studies from 1991, 2002, and 2006 that calculated a European death toll ...
Spanish flu: Influenza A/H1N1: 17–100 million 1–5.4% of global population [4] 1918–1920 Worldwide 2 Plague of Justinian: Bubonic plague 15–100 million 25–60% of European population [5] 541–549 North Africa, Europe, and Western Asia 3 HIV/AIDS pandemic: HIV/AIDS: 43 million (as of 2024) [a] 1981–present [6] Worldwide 4 Black Death ...
Spain's coastal territories facilitated the 1580 flu's spread around Europe. [16] Ottoman Algeria was a busy nexus for trade between North Africa and Europe. Flu traveled by infected merchants from the Ottoman to the Spanish Empires, which experienced outbreaks on the coast of North African in June. [16]
The 1918–1920 flu pandemic is commonly referred to as the Spanish flu, and caused millions of deaths worldwide. To maintain morale, wartime censors minimized early reports of illness and mortality in Germany , the United Kingdom , France , and the United States .
This is a timeline of influenza, briefly describing major events such as outbreaks, epidemics, pandemics, discoveries and developments of vaccines.In addition to specific year/period-related events, there is the seasonal flu that kills between 250,000 and 500,000 people every year and has claimed between 340 million and 1 billion human lives throughout history.
Spanish sailors brought influenza to Central America. There are records of the New World eventually being reached by the flu in 1557, brought to the Spanish and Portuguese Empires by sailors from Europe. [21] Influenza arrived in Central America in 1557, [66] likely aboard Spanish ships sailing to New Spain.
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