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Country Imports (millions of $) . Year United States 3,375,948 2022 European Union [n 1] 2,743,745 [3]: 2022 China 2,706,601 2022 Germany 1,571,057 2022 Japan 898,099 ...
OECD (Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development) 29.11%: 29.36%: 58.47%: 0.99: 2023: Notes: Imports of goods and services represent the value of all goods and other market services received from the rest of the world. Exports of goods and services represent the value of all goods and other market services provided to the rest of the ...
According to the theory of comparative advantage, trade barriers are detrimental to the world economy and decrease overall economic efficiency. Most trade barriers work on the same principle: the imposition of some sort of cost (money, time, bureaucracy, quota) on trade that raises the price or availability of the traded products .
The trade-to-GDP ratio is an indicator of the relative importance of international trade in the economy of a country. It is calculated by dividing the aggregate value of imports and exports over a period by the gross domestic product for the same period. Although called a ratio, it is usually expressed as a percentage.
The stagflation of the 1970s saw a U.S. economy characterized by slower GDP growth. In 1988, the United States ranked first in the world in the Economist Intelligence Unit "quality of life index" and third in the Economic Freedom of the World Index. [13] Over the long run, nations with trade surpluses tend also to have a savings surplus.
One of the main consequences of commodity dependence that commodity-dependent countries struggle with is when commodity prices get affected by negative price shocks, as this can negatively impact short- and medium-term economic development and welfare by increasing those countries' vulnerability to these price shocks.
The notion of the balance of trade does not mean that exports and imports are "in balance" with each other. If a country exports a greater value than it imports, it has a trade surplus or positive trade balance, and conversely, if a country imports a greater value than it exports, it has a trade deficit or negative trade balance.
In the late 1970s because of increase in oil prices, the cost of its oil imports increased by 200 percent in a year. In the early 1980s, exports in heavy industries reached UD$17.5 billion. Soon by the mid-1980s, Korea's economic growth was recognized internationally and world criticized its export intensive economy.