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A functional beverage is a conventional liquid food marketed to highlight specific product ingredients or supposed health effects. [1] [2] Beverages marketed as "functional" include dairy drinks, sports and performance drinks, energy drinks, ready-to-drink teas, kombucha, "smart" drinks, fortified fruit drinks, plant milks, and enhanced water.
Vitamins and minerals such as folic acid, calcium, [3] and iron [4] are in higher concentrations, while nutrients such as vitamin A are reduced to reflect the current understanding of the role that these compounds play in fetal development.
PRI for pregnancy is 600 μg/day, for lactation 500 μg/day. For children ages 1–17 years, the PRIs increase with age from 120 to 270 μg/day. These values differ somewhat from the U.S. RDAs. [ 99 ] The United Kingdom's Dietary Reference Value for folate, set by the Committee on Medical Aspects of Food and Nutrition Policy in 1991, is 200 μg ...
Welcome to the frenzy of functional beverages – drinks designed to do more than just taste good or hydrate. ... especially if they are pregnant, taking medication or have other health issues ...
Energy drinks have the effects caffeine and sugar provide, but there is little or no evidence that the wide variety of other ingredients have any effect. [3] Most of the effects of energy drinks on cognitive performance, such as increased attention and reaction speed, are primarily due to the presence of caffeine. [4]
The Associated Press reports that although it is still required for New York City bars to post signs warning against the dangers of drinking while pregnant, human rights advocates believe in a ...
The caffeine in these drinks either originates from the ingredients used or is an additive derived from the product of decaffeination or from chemical synthesis. Guarana, a prime ingredient of energy drinks, contains large amounts of caffeine with small amounts of theobromine and theophylline in a naturally occurring slow-release excipient. [245]
Tubes filled with amniotic fluid for amniocentesis. The amniotic fluid is the protective liquid contained by the amniotic sac of a gravid amniote.This fluid serves as a cushion for the growing fetus, but also serves to facilitate the exchange of nutrients, water, and biochemical products between mother and fetus.
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