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A wildcard mask is a mask of bits that indicates which parts of an IP address are available for examination. In the Cisco IOS , [ 1 ] they are used in several places, for example: To indicate the size of a network or subnet for some routing protocols, such as OSPF .
An IP address is part of a CIDR block and is said to match the CIDR prefix if the initial n bits of the address and the CIDR prefix are the same. An IPv4 address is 32 bits so an n -bit CIDR prefix leaves 32 − n bits unmatched, meaning that 2 32− n IPv4 addresses match a given n -bit CIDR prefix.
Special address blocks Address block Address range Number of addresses Scope Description 0.0.0.0/8 0.0.0.0–0.255.255.255 16 777 216: Software Current (local, "this") network [1]
IP addresses in dot-decimal notation are also presented in CIDR notation, in which the IP address is suffixed with a slash and a number, used to specify the length of the associated routing prefix. For example, 127.0.0.1/8 specifies that the IP address has an eight-bit routing prefix, and therefore the subnet mask 255.0.0.0 .
A /28 route, with a subnet mask of 255.255.255.240, is more specific than a /24 route, with a subnet mask of 255.255.255.0. If the route is of equal specificity to a route already in the routing table, but comes from a more preferred source of routing information, replace the route in the table.
A multicast address is a logical identifier for a group of hosts in a computer network that are available to process datagrams or frames intended to be multicast for a designated network service. Multicast addressing can be used in the link layer (layer 2 in the OSI model ), such as Ethernet multicast, and at the internet layer (layer 3 for OSI ...
The number of available subnets is 2 n, where n is the number of bits used for the network portion of the address. There is an exception to this rule for 31-bit subnet masks, [ 11 ] which means the host identifier is only one bit long for two permissible addresses.
Network diagram with IP network addresses indicated e.g. 192.168.100.3.. A network address is an identifier for a node or host on a telecommunications network.Network addresses are designed to be unique identifiers across the network, although some networks allow for local, private addresses, or locally administered addresses that may not be unique. [1]