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In vertebrate animals that evolved to lose their tails (e.g. frogs and hominid primates), the coccyx is the homologous vestigial of the tail. While tails are primarily considered a feature of vertebrates, some invertebrates such as scorpions and springtails, as well as snails and slugs, have tail-like appendages that are also referred to as tails.
Limb development is controlled by Hox genes. All jawed vertebrates surveyed so far organize their developing limb buds in a similar way. Growth occurs from proximal to distal part of the limb. On the distal end, the differentiation of skeletal elements occurs in an apical ectodermal ridge (AER) which expands in rays.
Foot, the terminal portion of a limb which bears weight and allows locomotion; Paw, a furry, padded foot with claws, common in many quadruped animals; Appendage, any external body part that protrudes outwards from an organism's core, such as a limb, tail, ear, nose, horn/antler, external genitalia, antenna, tusk/mouthpart or raptorial or head
Humans do not have a beak, so a term such as "rostral" used to refer to the beak in some animals is instead used to refer to part of the brain; [61] humans do also not have a tail so a term such as "caudal" that refers to the tail end may also be used in humans and animals without tails to refer to the hind part of the body. [62]
Limb development in vertebrates is an area of active research ... (head to tail), dorsoventral (back to front), and proximodistal (near to far) axes ...
A prehensile tail. Prehensility is the quality of an appendage or organ that has adapted for grasping or holding. The word is derived from the Latin term prehendere, meaning "to grasp". The ability to grasp is likely derived from a number of different origins. The most common are tree-climbing and the need to manipulate food. [1] Giraffe's ...
The tail vertebrae are comparatively few in number (often less than 20% of the total) and lack ribs. The vertebrae have projections that allow for strong muscle attachment, enabling locomotion without limbs. [citation needed] Caudal autotomy (self-amputation of the tail), a feature found in some lizards, is absent in most snakes. [72]
The limb bones are also ... Matthew Baron has considered the use of the tail as a bullwhip unlikely because of the potentially catastrophic muscle and skeletal damage ...