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Arsenic acid or arsoric acid is the chemical compound with the formula H 3 AsO 4. More descriptively written as AsO(OH) 3, this colorless acid is the arsenic analogue of phosphoric acid. Arsenate and phosphate salts behave very similarly. Arsenic acid as such has not been isolated, but is only found in solution, where it is largely ionized.
Arsenic contaminated water typically contains arsenous acid and arsenic acid or their derivatives. Their names as "acids" is a formality; these species are not aggressive acids but are merely the soluble forms of arsenic near neutral pH. These compounds are extracted from the underlying rocks that surround the aquifer.
Arsenic forms colorless, odorless, crystalline oxides As 2 O 3 ("white arsenic") and As 2 O 5 which are hygroscopic and readily soluble in water to form acidic solutions. Arsenic(V) acid is a weak acid and the salts are called arsenates, [5] the most common arsenic contamination of groundwater, and a problem that affects
Arsenic poisoning is a global problem arising from naturally occurring arsenic in ground water. The evidence that arsenic may be a beneficial nutrient at trace levels below the background to which living organisms are normally exposed has been reviewed. [ 3 ]
Arsenic is a common natural contaminant of well water and is highly carcinogenic. Iron oxide adsorption treatment for arsenic in groundwater is a commonly practiced removal process which involves the chemical treatment of arsenic species such that they adsorb onto iron oxides and create larger particles that may be filtered out of the water stream.
A recent study by the Center for Environmental Health has revealed high levels of arsenic in two brands of bottled water sold by Whole Foods and Walmart.
In deoxygenated water, with low pe, arsenite species dominate. [16] [17] Depending on the pH, arsenate can be found as trihydrogen arsenate (that is arsenic acid H 3 AsO 4), dihydrogen arsenate (H 2 AsO − 4), hydrogen arsenate (HAsO 2− 4), or arsenate (AsO 3− 4). [18] Trihydrogen arsenate is also known as arsenic acid.
Arsenic(V) acid is a weak acid and its salts, known as arsenates, [36] are a major source of arsenic contamination of groundwater in regions with high levels of naturally-occurring arsenic minerals. [37]