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Sardis (/ ˈ s ɑːr d ɪ s / SAR-diss) or Sardes (/ ˈ s ɑːr d iː s / SAR-deess; Lydian: 𐤳𐤱𐤠𐤭𐤣, romanized: Šfard; Ancient Greek: Σάρδεις, romanized: Sárdeis; Old Persian: Sparda) was an ancient city best known as the capital of the Lydian Empire.
Roman province of Asia Photo of a 15th-century map showing Lydia. When the Romans entered the capital Sardis in 133 BC, Lydia, as the other western parts of the Attalid legacy, became part of the province of Asia, a very rich Roman province, worthy of a governor with the high rank of proconsul.
According to the Menologion, Clement, a disciple of Paul of Tarsus and one of the Seventy (Philippians 4:3), was the first bishop of Sardis. [1] Little is known about the ancient bishopric of Sardis, with the notable exception of Saint Melito, a contemporary of Marcus Aurelius from the 2nd century, [2] whom some sources refer to as the second bishop of Sardis [3] —citing the "improbability ...
Sardis was where all the troops of Xerxes stationed during the winter of 481-480 BC to prepare for the invasion of Greece. [2] [3] Achaemenid Era silver shekel made in Sardis between 500 and 450 BC showing a warrior-king holding a bow and a lance. Coinage of Tiribazos, Satrap of Lydia, with Ahuramazda on the obverse. c. 388 — 380 BC.
The map of Achaemenid Empire and the section of the Royal Road noted by Herodotus. The Royal Road was an ancient highway reorganized and rebuilt for trade by Darius the Great, the Achaemenid emperor, in the 5th century BC. [1] Darius I built the road to facilitate rapid communication on the western part of his large empire from Susa to Sardis. [2]
Pactolus (Greek: Πακτωλός), also called Chrysorrhoas (Χρυσορρόας), the modern Sart Çayı ' Sardis stream ', is a river near the Aegean coast of Turkey. The river rises from Mount Tmolus, flows through the ruins of the ancient city of Sardis, and empties into the Gediz River, the ancient Hermus.
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Seeking to secure his empire from further revolts and from the interference of the mainland Greeks, Darius embarked on a scheme to conquer Greece and to punish Athens and Eretria for the burning of Sardis. The first Persian invasion of Greece began in 492 BC, with the Persian general Mardonius successfully re-subjugating Thrace and Macedon ...