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The Hata model is a radio propagation model for predicting the path loss of cellular transmissions in exterior environments, valid for microwave frequencies from 150 to 1500 MHz. It is an empirical formulation based on the data from the Okumura model , and is thus also commonly referred to as the Okumura–Hata model . [ 1 ]
where L50 is the 50th percentile (i.e., median) value of propagation path loss, LF is the free space propagation loss, A mu is the median attenuation relative to free space, G(hte) is the base station antenna height gain factor, G(hre) is the mobile antenna height gain factor, and G AREA is the gain due to the type of environment. Note that the ...
The method works by transforming Maxwell's equations (or other partial differential equation) for sources and fields at a constant frequency into matrix form =. The matrix A is derived from the wave equation operator, the column vector x contains the field components, and the column vector b describes the source. The method is capable of ...
This model is the combination of empirical and deterministic models for estimating path loss in an urban area over frequency range of 800 MHz to 2000 MHz. [ 2 ] COST (COopération européenne dans le domaine de la recherche Scientifique et Technique) is a European Union Forum for cooperative scientific research which has developed this model ...
Since this factor is not related to the radio wave path but comes from the receiving antenna, the term "free-space path loss" is a little misleading. Directivity of receiving antenna- while the above formulas are correct, the presence of Directivities Dt and Dr builds the wrong intuition in the FSPL Friis transmission formula. The formula seems ...
From the figure the received line of sight component may be written as = {() /}and the ground reflected component may be written as = {() (+ ′) / + ′}where () is the transmitted signal, is the length of the direct line-of-sight (LOS) ray, + ′ is the length of the ground-reflected ray, is the combined antenna gain along the LOS path, is the combined antenna gain along the ground-reflected ...
The log-distance path loss model is a radio propagation model that predicts the path loss a signal encounters inside a building or densely populated areas over long distance. While the log-distance model is suitable for longer distances, the short-distance path loss model is often used for indoor environments or very short outdoor distances.
The coefficients given in the table above correspond to the latter definition. The theory of Lagrange polynomials provides explicit formulas for the finite difference coefficients. [ 4 ] For the first six derivatives we have the following: