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Bipolar disorder; Other names: Bipolar affective disorder (BPAD), [1] bipolar illness, manic depression, manic depressive disorder, manic–depressive illness (historical), [2] manic–depressive psychosis, circular insanity (historical), [2] bipolar disease [3] Bipolar disorder is characterized by episodes of mania or hypomania and depression ...
Bipolar I disorder (BD-I; pronounced "type one bipolar disorder") is a type of bipolar spectrum disorder characterized by the occurrence of at least one manic episode, with or without mixed or psychotic features. [1] Most people also, at other times, have one or more depressive episodes. [2]
Psychotic depression, also known as depressive psychosis, is a major depressive episode that is accompanied by psychotic symptoms. [2] It can occur in the context of bipolar disorder or major depressive disorder . [ 2 ]
Schizoaffective disorder – cyclical mood episodes combined with psychosis; has subtypes: bipolar type and depressive type; Mania – a state of hyperactivity, heightened mood (euphoric or irritable), low sleep, pressured speech, grandiosity, and/or racing thoughts; may include psychotic features like delusions or hallucinations
A mixed episode is defined by the presence of a hypomanic or depressive episode that is accompanied by symptoms of the opposite polarity. This is commonly referred to as a mood episode with mixed features (e.g. depression with mixed features or hypomania with mixed features), but can also be referred to as mixed episodes or mixed states. [25]
The first diagnostic distinction to be made between manic-depression involving psychotic states, and that which does not involve psychosis, came from Carl Jung in 1903. [16] [17] Jung's distinction is today referred to in the DSM-IV as that between 'bipolar I' (mania involving possible psychotic episodes) and 'bipolar II' (hypomania without ...
Onset of Bipolar Disorder. Signs of bipolar disorder generally emerge in young adulthood. Research suggests that 70 percent of people with bipolar disorder experience their first manic episode ...
Mood swings in bipolar I: Episodic, [42] manic episodes (severe degree) occur continuously for 7 days, [30] depressive episodes for weeks, [45] [46] and sometimes erratic episodes at moderate degree in between episodes. [30] Alterations in bipolar I and II can be rapid cyclic, which means changes of mood happen 4 times or more within a year. [47]
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