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This planetary gear train consists of a sun gear (yellow), planet gears (blue) and carrier (green) inside a ring gear (red) An epicyclic gear train (also known as a planetary gearset) is a gear reduction assembly consisting of two gears mounted so that the center of one gear (the "planet") revolves around the center of the other (the "sun").
The sun and planet gear is a method of converting reciprocating motion to rotary motion and was used in the first rotative beam engines. It was invented by the Scottish engineer William Murdoch , an employee of Boulton and Watt , but was patented by James Watt in October 1781.
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The Ravigneaux gearset is a double planetary gear set, invented by Pol Ravigneaux, who filed a patent application on July 28, 1949, in Neuilly-sur-Seine France. [1] This planetary gear set, commonly used in automatic transmissions, is constructed from two gear pairs, ring–planet and planet–planet. The gearset provides four forward gear ...
The Simpson planetary gearset is a compound planetary gear train consisting of two planetary gearsets sharing a common sun gear. A Simpson gearset delivers three forward gears and one reverse, plus neutral, and is commonly employed in three and four ratio automatic transmissions . [ 1 ]
Each stage of gearing multiplies the torque applied. In epicyclic gear systems, torque is applied to the input gear or ‘sun’ gear. A number of planet gears are arranged around and engaged with this sun gear, and therefore rotate. The outside casing of the multiplier is also engaged with the planet gear teeth, but is prevented from rotating ...
The inferior planet mechanism includes the Sun (treated as a planet in this context), Mercury, and Venus. [7] For each of the three systems, there is an epicyclic gear whose axis is mounted on b1, thus the basic frequency is the Earth year (as it is, in truth, for epicyclic motion in the Sun and all the planets—excepting only the Moon).
Each night the planet appeared to lag a little behind the stars, in what is called prograde motion. Near opposition, the planet would appear to reverse and move through the night sky faster than the stars for a time in retrograde motion before reversing again and resuming prograde. Epicyclic theory, in part, sought to explain this behavior.