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The Caddo people comprise the Caddo Nation of Oklahoma, a federally recognized tribe headquartered in Binger, Oklahoma.They speak the Caddo language.. The Caddo Confederacy was a network of Indigenous peoples of the Southeastern Woodlands, who historically inhabited much of what is now northeast Texas, west Louisiana, southwestern Arkansas, and southeastern Oklahoma. [2]
The Adai Caddo Indians of Louisiana (also known as Adai Caddo Indian Nation of Louisiana and the Adai Caddo Tribe) is a state-recognized tribe in Louisiana [1] and 501(c)(3) organization in Robeline, Louisiana. [5] Its members identify as descendants of the Adai people. [6] [7] [8] The chief is John Mark Davis, as of 2023. [9] [4]
In 1716, Spanish colonists founded the Mission of San Miguel de Linares, also known as the Mission of Adayes, [3] to convert the Adai, Natchitoches, and other Caddo people to Roman Catholicism. [1] The French and their Native allies destroyed that mission in 1719 but the Spanish rebuilt in 1721. [1]
It is estimated that in 1520, the people who would become the Hasinai, the Kadohadacho and the Natchitoches, numbered about 250,000. [7] Over the next 250 years, the population of these Caddoan-speaking peoples was severely reduced by epidemics of endemic diseases carried by Spanish and French colonists and spread through indigenous trading ...
Texas, from the Spanish name for the Caddo, derived from the word táyshaŹ¼ meaning 'friend'. [1] Utah derives from the Spanish name given to the Ute People by early explorers to the area. The Utes refer to themselves as Noochee, which in Spanish was changed to Yuta. [2]
The Bidai, who referred to themselves as the Quasmigdo, [3] [4] were a tribe of American Indians from eastern Texas. [ 5 ] [ 1 ] The name Bidai is Caddo language term for "brushwood".
The Kadohadacho are enrolled members of the Caddo Nation of Oklahoma, headquartered in Binger, Oklahoma, along with the Hasinai, the Hainai, and other Caddo tribes. [6] The Kadohadacho dialect of the Caddo language, closely related to the Hasinai and Natchitoche dialects, is still spoken today.
The Lower Nasoni allied with the Spanish during the 18th century. By 1880, their population had been so ravaged by disease, that it is believed they assimilated into the Nadaco tribe. [2] Today, Nasoni people are enrolled in the Caddo Nation, headquartered in Binger, Oklahoma.