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Isolated hyperchlorhidrosis, also known as Carbonic anhydrase XII deficiency, is a rare autosomal recessive genetic condition characterized by a lifelong tendency to lose massive amounts of sodium and chloride through sweat which leads to various symptoms.
For example, carbonic anhydrase produces acid in the stomach lining. In the kidney, the control of bicarbonate ions influences the water content of the cell. The control of bicarbonate ions also influences the water content in the eyes. Inhibitors of carbonic anhydrase are used to treat glaucoma, the excessive build-up of water in the eyes.
Carbonic anhydrase II (gene name CA2) is one of sixteen forms of human α carbonic anhydrases. [5] Carbonic anhydrase catalyzes reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. Defects in this enzyme are associated with osteopetrosis and renal tubular acidosis. Renal carbonic anhydrase allows the reabsorption of bicarbonate ions in the proximal tubule.
Carbonic anhydrase IX (CA9/CA IX) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CA9 gene. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] [ 7 ] It is one of the 14 carbonic anhydrase isoforms found in humans and is a transmembrane dimeric metalloenzyme with an extracellular active site that facilitates acid secretion in the gastrointestinal tract. [ 8 ]
Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are a family of zinc metalloenzymes that catalyze the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. They participate in a variety of biological processes, including respiration, calcification, acid-base balance, bone resorption, and the formation of aqueous humor, cerebrospinal fluid, saliva, and gastric acid.
Fruits, vegetables, seeds and beans are all essential parts of a well-balanced and healthy diet, but if these health gems are not consumed properly, they could be poisonous and detrimental to our ...
The reaction catalyzed by CA1 is the same as other carbonic anhydrase family proteins: + (in tissues - high CO 2 concentration) [9]. The CA1-catalyzed reaction has a relatively low reaction affinity (Km) of 4.0 mM for CO 2, [7] [10] turnover number (Kcat) of 2 × 10 5 s −1, and catalytic efficiency (Kcat/Km) of 5 × 10 7 M −1 s −1 comparing to other isozymes of the α-CA family of ...
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