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The word aldehyde was coined by Justus von Liebig as a contraction of the Latin alcohol dehydrogenatus (dehydrogenated alcohol). [25] [26] In the past, aldehydes were sometimes named after the corresponding alcohols, for example, vinous aldehyde for acetaldehyde. (Vinous is from Latin vinum "wine", the traditional source of ethanol, cognate ...
An aldehyde is either a functional group consisting of a terminal carbonyl group, or a compound containing a terminal carbonyl group.
The equilibrium constant is 6 × 10 −7 at room temperature, thus that the relative amount of the enol form in a sample of acetaldehyde is very small. [27] At room temperature, acetaldehyde (CH 3 CH=O) is more stable than vinyl alcohol (CH 2 =CHOH) by 42.7 kJ/mol: [28] Overall the keto-enol tautomerization occurs slowly but is catalyzed by acids.
Reducing form of glucose (the aldehyde group is on the far right) A reducing sugar is any sugar that is capable of acting as a reducing agent. [1] In an alkaline solution, a reducing sugar forms some aldehyde or ketone, which allows it to act as a reducing agent, for example in Benedict's reagent. In such a reaction, the sugar becomes a ...
Chemical structure of a thial. In organic chemistry, a thial or thioaldehyde is a functional group which is similar to an aldehyde, RC(O)H, in which a sulfur (S) atom replaces the oxygen (O) atom of the aldehyde (R represents an alkyl or aryl group).
Fischer projection of D-glyceraldehyde. Like most carbohydrates, simple aldoses have the general chemical formula C n (H 2 O) n.Because formaldehyde (n=1) and glycolaldehyde (n=2) are not generally considered to be carbohydrates, [1] the simplest possible aldose is the triose glyceraldehyde, which only contains three carbon atoms.
An aldol condensation is a condensation reaction in organic chemistry in which two carbonyl moieties (of aldehydes or ketones) react to form a β-hydroxyaldehyde or β-hydroxyketone (an aldol reaction), and this is then followed by dehydration to give a conjugated enone.
The Stetter reaction is an example of umpolung chemistry, as the inherent polarity of the aldehyde is reversed by the addition of the catalyst to the aldehyde, rendering the carbon center nucleophilic rather than electrophilic. Scheme 1. Stetter reaction overview