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Oxygen toxicity is a condition resulting from the harmful effects of breathing molecular oxygen (O 2) at increased partial pressures.Severe cases can result in cell damage and death, with effects most often seen in the central nervous system, lungs, and eyes.
In surface orientated diving the exposure time is usually insufficient to develop symptoms of pulmonary toxicity, and the intervals between dives are usually long enough for recovery, so oxygen partial pressure is commonly selected to maximise no-stop time or minimise decompression time as in-water decompression in cold water tends to be ...
Oxygen toxicity is managed by reducing the exposure to increased oxygen levels. Studies show that, in the long term, a robust recovery from most types of oxygen toxicity is possible. Protocols for avoidance of the effects of hyperoxia exist in fields where oxygen is breathed at higher-than-normal partial pressures, including underwater diving ...
Oxygen enriched treatment gases and Oxygen may be used. Air may be used if nothing better is available. If oxygen breathing is interrupted no compensation to the times is required. Oxygen partial pressure may not exceed 3 ata (3 bar). Maximum depth 165 fsw (50 msw) Time at 165 fsw optional from 30 minutes to 2 hours including compression
Helium may be added to reduce the amount of nitrogen and oxygen in the gas mixture when diving deeper, to reduce the effects of narcosis and to avoid the risk of oxygen toxicity. This is complicated at depths beyond about 150 metres (500 ft), because a helium–oxygen mixture then causes high pressure nervous syndrome. [1]
Oxygen toxicity is a condition resulting from the harmful effects of breathing molecular oxygen (O 2 ) partial pressures significantly greater than found in atmospheric air at sea level. Severe cases can result in cell damage and death, with effects most often seen in the central nervous system, lungs and eyes.
Many people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease have a low partial pressure of oxygen in the blood and high partial pressure of carbon dioxide.Treatment with supplemental oxygen may improve their well-being; alternatively, in some this can lead to the adverse effect of elevating the carbon dioxide content in the blood (hypercapnia) to levels that may become toxic.
Central nervous system oxygen toxicity was also first described in this publication and is sometimes referred to as the "Paul Bert effect". [ 95 ] [ 96 ] John Scott Haldane designed a decompression chamber in 1907, and he produced the first decompression tables for the Royal Navy in 1908 after extensive experiments with animals and human subjects.