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  2. Gravitoelectromagnetism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitoelectromagnetism

    Diagram regarding the confirmation of gravitomagnetism by Gravity Probe B. Gravitoelectromagnetism, abbreviated GEM, refers to a set of formal analogies between the equations for electromagnetism and relativistic gravitation; specifically: between Maxwell's field equations and an approximation, valid under certain conditions, to the Einstein field equations for general relativity.

  3. Electrodynamic suspension - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrodynamic_suspension

    Since the energy stored in the air gap can be calculated from HB/2 (or μ 0 H 2 /2) times air-gap volume, the force applied across the air gap in the direction perpendicular to the load (viz., the force that directly counteracts gravity) is given by the spatial derivative (= gradient) of that energy.

  4. Magnetic levitation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_levitation

    Magnetic force is used to counteract the effects of the gravitational force and any other forces. [ 2 ] The two primary issues involved in magnetic levitation are lifting forces : providing an upward force sufficient to counteract gravity, and stability : ensuring that the system does not spontaneously slide or flip into a configuration where ...

  5. List of electromagnetism equations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_electromagnetism...

    Lorentz force on a charged particle (of charge q) in motion (velocity v), used as the definition of the E field and B field. Here subscripts e and m are used to differ between electric and magnetic charges. The definitions for monopoles are of theoretical interest, although real magnetic dipoles can be described using pole strengths.

  6. Fundamental interaction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fundamental_interaction

    Although the electromagnetic force is far stronger than gravity, it tends to cancel itself out within large objects, so over large (astronomical) distances gravity tends to be the dominant force, and is responsible for holding together the large scale structures in the universe, such as planets, stars, and galaxies.

  7. Electromagnetism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetism

    The electromagnetic force is one of the four fundamental forces of nature. It is the dominant force in the interactions of atoms and molecules. Electromagnetism can be thought of as a combination of electrostatics and magnetism, which are distinct but closely intertwined phenomena. Electromagnetic forces occur between any two charged particles.

  8. Force carrier - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Force_carrier

    The energy of a wave in a field (for example, an electromagnetic wave in the electromagnetic field) is quantized, and the quantum excitations of the field can be interpreted as particles. The Standard Model contains the following force-carrier particles, each of which is an excitation of a particular force field:

  9. Levitation (physics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levitation_(physics)

    Levitation is accomplished by providing an upward force that counteracts the pull of gravity (in relation to gravity on earth), plus a smaller stabilizing force that pushes the object toward a home position whenever it is a small distance away from that home position. The force can be a fundamental force such as magnetic or electrostatic, or it ...