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The organ at the Naval Academy Chapel has 522 stops. The pitch produced by an organ pipe is a function of its length. All else equal, longer pipes produce lower-pitched notes, and shorter pipes are higher in pitch. An organ stop uses a set (rank) of pipes of graduated lengths to produce the range of notes needed.
An organ stop can be one of three things: the control on an organ console that selects a particular sound; the row of organ pipes used to create a particular sound, more appropriately known as a rank; the sound itself; Organ stops are sorted into four major types: principal, string, reed, and flute.
Like the unison and octave stops, the length label of a mutation stop indicates what pitch the rank sounds. For example, a stop labeled 2 2 ⁄ 3 ' sounds at the interval of a twelfth (one octave plus a fifth; or 3:1 ratio) above unison pitch. That is, with a 2 2 ⁄ 3 ' stop drawn, pressing middle C sounds the G that is the 12th diatonic note ...
A cornet, or Jeu de Tierce, is a compound organ stop, containing multiple ranks of pipes. The individual ranks are, properly, of flute tone quality but can also be of principal tone. In combination, the ranks create a bright, piquant tone thought by some listeners to resemble the Renaissance brass instrument, the cornett.
France’s largest musical instrument is ready to sound again. It has taken months of painstaking cleaning and decontaminating of 8,000 pipes, 115 organ stops and numerous other musical components ...
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The addition of stops, in order from quietest to loudest, creates the effect of a crescendo (and, likewise, a diminuendo, when the stops are deactivated). In actual use, the operation of the crescendo pedal usually does not move the draw knobs or stop tabs on the console; the stops are electronically activated inside the organ.