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D-dimer (or D dimer) is a dimer that is a fibrin degradation product (FDP), a small protein fragment present in the blood after a blood clot is degraded by fibrinolysis. It is so named because it contains two D fragments of the fibrin protein joined by a cross-link , hence forming a protein dimer .
Blood clots are dangerous, so you don’t want to ignore an elevated D dimer level. Skip to main content. Sign in. Mail. 24/7 Help. For premium support please call: 800-290-4726 ...
The diagnosis of hyperfibrinolysis is made indirectly with immunochemical methods which detect the elevation of biomarkers such as D-Dimer (cross-linked fibrin degradation products), fibrinogen split products (FSP), complexes of plasmin and alpha-2-antiplasmin (PAP).
Principles of D-dimer testing. Fibrin degradation products (FDPs), also known as fibrin split products, are components of the blood produced by clot degeneration. [1] Clotting, also called coagulation, at the wound site produces a mass of fibrin threads called a net that remains in place until the cut is healed. As a cut heals, the clotting ...
Those who finish warfarin treatment after idiopathic VTE with an elevated D-dimer level show an increased risk of recurrent VTE (about 9% vs about 4% for normal results), and this result might be used in clinical decision making. [133] Thrombophilia test results rarely play a role in the length of treatment. [80]
D-dimer is highly sensitive but not specific (specificity around 50%). In other words, a positive D-dimer is not synonymous with PE, but a negative D-dimer is, with a good degree of certainty, an indication of absence of a PE. [52] A low pretest probability is also valuable in ruling out PE. [53]
Portal vein thrombosis on computed tomography (left) and cavernous transformation of the portal vein after 1 year (right) The diagnosis of portal vein thrombosis is usually made with imaging confirming a clot in the portal vein; ultrasound is the least invasive method and the addition of Doppler technique shows a filling defect in blood flow.
The type of surgery performed prior to the formation of blood clots influences the risk. Without prophylactic interventions, the calculated incidence of clot formation in the lower leg veins after surgery is: 22% for neurosurgery; 26% for abdominal surgery; 45% for 60% in orthopedic surgery; 14% for gynecologic surgery [13]