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Badlands National Park. The geology of South Dakota began to form more than 2.5 billion years ago in the Archean eon of the Precambrian.Igneous crystalline basement rock continued to emplace through the Proterozoic, interspersed with sediments and volcanic materials.
Badlands are a type of dry terrain where softer sedimentary rocks and clay-rich soils have been extensively eroded. [1] They are characterized by steep slopes, minimal vegetation, lack of a substantial regolith, and high drainage density. [2] Ravines, gullies, buttes, hoodoos and other such geologic forms are common in badlands.
Hard sandstones commonly cap mesas, buttes and plateaus where erosion has formed badlands topography, as is the case for much of the Horseshoe Canyon Formation and the Scollard Formation. Coarse-grained sediments are rare in the Edmonton Group.
The White River Fauna are fossil animals found in the White River Group of South Dakota, North Dakota, Wyoming, Colorado and Nebraska in the United States.In southwest South Dakota and northwest Nebraska, these fossils are characteristic of the White River Badlands (including Badlands National Park), though they can be found far beyond the limits of the White River watershed.
The largest insects in geologic history lived during the Pennsylvanian. [33] Giant salamander-like amphibians left behind footprints near Lawrence, Kansas that would later fossilize. [ 34 ] Fossil footprints from this time period were also preserved in eastern states like Alabama, Georgia, West Virginia, Ohio, and Pennsylvania where ...
The geology of Oklahoma is characterized by Carboniferous rocks in the east, Permian rocks in the center and towards the west, and a cover of Tertiary deposits in the panhandle to the west. The panhandle of Oklahoma is also noted for its Jurassic rocks as well.
Ah-Shi-Sle-Pah Wilderness is located in San Juan County, New Mexico, between Chaco Canyon and the De-Na-Zin Wilderness.Its name is a phonetic transliteration of Navajo "áshįįh łibá" meaning "salt, it is grey (grey salt)".
Archaeotherium skull from the White River Badlands on display at the Badlands Dinosaur Museum in North Dakota. Later, during the Oligocene, at least part of South Dakota was covered in seawater. [1]: 256 The White River Formation was being deposited in the White River badlands as the sea gradually receded.