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  2. Models of scientific inquiry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Models_of_scientific_inquiry

    Models of scientific inquiry have two functions: first, to provide a descriptive account of how scientific inquiry is carried out in practice, and second, to provide an explanatory account of why scientific inquiry succeeds as well as it appears to do in arriving at genuine knowledge. The philosopher Wesley C. Salmon described scientific inquiry:

  3. Scientific method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientific_method

    The history of scientific method considers changes in the methodology of scientific inquiry, not the history of science itself. The development of rules for scientific reasoning has not been straightforward; scientific method has been the subject of intense and recurring debate throughout the history of science, and eminent natural philosophers and scientists have argued for the primacy of ...

  4. Hypothetico-deductive model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypothetico-deductive_model

    The hypothetico-deductive model or method is a proposed description of the scientific method. According to it, scientific inquiry proceeds by formulating a hypothesis in a form that can be falsifiable, using a test on observable data where the outcome is not yet known. A test outcome that could have and does run contrary to predictions of the ...

  5. History of scientific method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_scientific_method

    The history of scientific method considers changes in the methodology of scientific inquiry, as distinct from the history of science itself. The development of rules for scientific reasoning has not been straightforward; scientific method has been the subject of intense and recurring debate throughout the history of science, and eminent natural philosophers and scientists have argued for the ...

  6. Scientific theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientific_theory

    Scientific theories are testable and make verifiable predictions. [9] They describe the causes of a particular natural phenomenon and are used to explain and predict aspects of the physical universe or specific areas of inquiry (for example, electricity, chemistry, and

  7. Scientific evidence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientific_evidence

    However, in contrast to the ideal of infallible proof, in practice theories may be said to be proved according to some standard of proof used in a given inquiry. [26] [27] In this limited sense, proof is the high degree of acceptance of a theory following a process of inquiry and critical evaluation according to the standards of a scientific ...

  8. Scientific skepticism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientific_skepticism

    Scientific skepticism or rational skepticism (also spelled scepticism), sometimes referred to as skeptical inquiry, [1] is a position in which one questions the veracity of claims lacking scientific evidence.

  9. Scientific modelling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientific_modelling

    Scientific modelling is an activity that produces models representing empirical objects, phenomena, and physical processes, to make a particular part or feature of the world easier to understand, define, quantify, visualize, or simulate.