Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
These pathways can effectively convey stimuli from the cell membrane (where many MAP3Ks are activated) to the nucleus (where only MAPKs may enter) or to many other subcellular targets. [citation needed] In comparison to the three-tiered classical MAPK pathways, some atypical MAP kinases appear to have a more ancient, two-tiered system.
Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (also known as MAP2K, MEK, MAPKK) is a dual-specificity kinase enzyme which phosphorylates mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). MAP2K is classified as EC 2.7.12.2. There are seven genes: MAP2K1 (a.k.a. MEK1) MAP2K2 (a.k.a. MEK2) MAP2K3 (a.k.a. MKK3) MAP2K4 (a.k.a. MKK4) MAP2K5 (a.k.a. MKK5) MAP2K6 (a ...
The p38 MAPK is regulated by MEKK 1-4 and TAO 1/2 families of MAPKKKs and is responsible for inflammation, apoptosis, cell differentiation, and cell cycle regulation. The determination for what cascade is followed is based upon the type of signal, the strength of binding, and the length of binding.
MAPK pathways in plants are known to regulate cell growth, cell development, cell death, and cell responses to environmental stimuli. Only a few of the MAPK mechanism components are known and have been studied. The components such as Arabidopsis MAPKKKs YODA, ANP2/ANP3, and MP3K6/MP3K7 functions in the development of the cell.
Oxidative stress is the most powerfully specific stress activating p38 MAPK. [7] Abnormal activity (higher or lower than physiological) of p38 has been implicated in pathological stresses in several tissues, that include neuronal, [8] [9] [10] bone, [11] lung, [12] cardiac and skeletal muscle, [13] [14] red blood cells, [15] and fetal tissues. [16]
p38α MAPK is mainly activated through MAPK kinase kinase cascades and exerts its biological function via downstream substrate phosphorylation. p38α MAPK is implicated in diverse cellular functions, from gene expression to programmed cell death through a network of signaling molecules and transcription factors.
29857 Ensembl ENSG00000188130 ENSMUSG00000022610 UniProt P53778 O08911 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_002969 NM_001303252 NM_013871 RefSeq (protein) NP_001290181 NP_002960 NP_038899 NP_001389948 NP_001389949 NP_001389950 NP_001389951 Location (UCSC) Chr 22: 50.25 – 50.26 Mb Chr 15: 89.01 – 89.02 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Mitogen-activated protein kinase 12 (MAP kinase 12 ...
TAK1 is a central regulator of cell death and is activated through a diverse set of intra- and extracellular stimuli. TAK1 regulates cell survival not solely through NF-κB but also through NF-κB-independent pathways such as oxidative stress and receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) kinase activity-dependent pathway. [6]