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IP traceback is any method for reliably determining the origin of a packet on the Internet. The IP protocol does not provide for the authentication of the source IP address of an IP packet, enabling the source address to be falsified in a strategy called IP address spoofing , and creating potential internet security and stability problems.
A port of an early version of ipfw was used since Linux 1.1 as the first implementation of firewall available for Linux, until it was replaced by ipchains. [4] A modern port of ipfw and the dummynet traffic shaper is available for Linux (including a prebuilt package for OpenWrt ) and Microsoft Windows .
IPFire is a hardened [3] open source Linux distribution that primarily performs as a router and a firewall; a standalone firewall system with a web-based management console for configuration. IPFire originally started as a fork of IPCop [ 4 ] and has been rewritten on basis of Linux From Scratch since version 2. [ 5 ]
FreeBSD's TCP/IP stack is based on the 4 ... a free implementation of the SSH protocol and is a ... other Unix-like operating systems, in addition to Linux, ...
The air interface of a cellular network is at layers 1 and 2 of the OSI model; at layer 2, it is divided into multiple protocol layers. In UMTS and LTE, those protocols are the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP), the Radio Link Control (RLC) protocol, and the MAC protocol. The base station has absolute control over the air interface and ...
Linux IP Firewalling Chains, normally called ipchains, is free software to control the packet filter or firewall capabilities in the 2.2 series of Linux kernels. It superseded ipfirewall (managed by ipfwadm command), but was replaced by iptables in the 2.4 series. Unlike iptables, ipchains is stateless.
BIRD (recursive acronym for BIRD Internet Routing Daemon [2]) is an open-source implementation for routing Internet Protocol packets on Unix-like operating systems. It was developed as a school project at the Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Prague, [3] and is distributed under the GNU General Public License.
Netfilter is a framework provided by the Linux kernel that allows various networking-related operations to be implemented in the form of customized handlers.Netfilter offers various functions and operations for packet filtering, network address translation, and port translation, which provide the functionality required for directing packets through a network and prohibiting packets from ...