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The Mediterranean Sea (/ ˌ m ɛ d ɪ t ə ˈ r eɪ n i ən / MED-ih-tə-RAY-nee-ən) is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean Basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the east by the Levant in West Asia, on the north by Anatolia in West Asia and Southern Europe, on the south by North Africa, and on the west almost by the Morocco–Spain border.
In oceanography, a mediterranean sea (/ ˌ m ɛ d ɪ t ə ˈ r eɪ n i ə n / MED-ih-tə-RAY-nee-ən) is a mostly enclosed sea that has limited exchange of water with outer oceans and whose water circulation is dominated by salinity and temperature differences rather than by winds or tides.
The Mediterranean countries are those that surround the Mediterranean Sea or located within the Mediterranean Basin. [1] Twenty sovereign countries in Southern Europe, Western Asia and North Africa regions border the sea itself, two island nations completely located in it (Malta and Cyprus), in addition to two British Overseas Territories ...
The Romans called it Mare Magnum ('Great Sea') or Mare Internum ('Internal Sea') and, starting with the Roman Empire, Mare Nostrum ('Our Sea'). The term Mare Mediterrāneum appears later: Solinus apparently used this in the 3rd century, but the earliest extant witness to it is in the 6th century, in Isidore of Seville .
Metropolitan area Country Population Area Date, source Alexandria Egypt 6,100,000 Barcelona Spain 5,474,482 Algiers Algeria 4,510,000 1,190 km 2 (460 sq mi) : İzmir Turkey
The Sasanians gained territory on Mediterranean land regularly, but the Eastern Romans remained superior in the Mediterranean sea for centuries. In the first quarter of the 7th century CE, the Sasanians took swaths of the Mediterranean region from the Eastern Romans during the Byzantine–Sasanian War of 602–628 , though the Sasanians lost ...
The Mediterranean Sea basin is supposed to host more than 10,000 islands, [1] with 2,217 islands larger than 0.01 km 2. [2] The two main island countries in the region are Malta and Cyprus , while other countries with islands in the Mediterranean Sea include Albania , Algeria , Croatia , Egypt , France , Greece , Israel , Italy , Lebanon ...
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