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Eligible students may take either the CST or the CMA in a subject area; for example, a student in grade five may take the CST for ELA and take the CMA for mathematics and science. [3] The CMA was first administered in the spring of 2008 to students in grades three through five. [3]
[9] [43] [111] [44] [119] Examples of such popular misconceptions include a widespread misassumption that Chinese citizens are rewarded and punished based on a numerical score (social credit score) assigned by the system, that its decisions are taken by AI and that it constantly monitors Chinese citizens. [10] [111] [39] [120] [7] [8]
A scoring rubric typically includes dimensions or "criteria" on which performance is rated, definitions and examples illustrating measured attributes, and a rating scale for each dimension. Joan Herman, Aschbacher, and Winters identify these elements in scoring rubrics: [3] - Traits or dimensions serving as the basis for judging the student ...
The school has also reduced the number of students scoring "below basic level of math" by 46 percent. [1] Another benefit of the TAP program for the middle school has been a reduction in teacher turnover from 32 percent to 10 percent. [1] One criticism of TAP is that it is expensive for schools, costing from $250 to $400 per student per year. [2]
A rating scale is a set of categories designed to obtain information about a quantitative or a qualitative attribute. In the social sciences, particularly psychology, common examples are the Likert response scale and 0-10 rating scales, where a person selects the number that reflecting the perceived quality of a product.
Alternative credit scoring systems can use data such as rental payments, utility payments, subprime credit, and cell phone bills. [25] Other sources are social media activities, internet browsing history, employment history, student history, past loan application dates and locations, or the method one uses when purchasing gasoline. [26]
The scoring system has also been studied as a form of classification to shape an individual's life-chances—a form of economic inequality. [62] The classification scheme is necessitated by the loss of collective social services and risk. [63] The credit scoring system in the United States is similar to the Social Credit System in China. [64]
A social scoring function maps each candidate to a number representing their quality. For example, the standard social scoring function for first-preference plurality is the total number of voters who rank a candidate first. Every social ordering can be made into a choice function by considering only the highest-ranked outcome.