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Streptomyces isolates have yielded the majority of human, animal, and agricultural antibiotics, as well as a number of fundamental chemotherapy medicines. Streptomyces is the largest antibiotic -producing genus of Actinomycetota , producing chemotherapy, antibacterial, antifungal , antiparasitic drugs, and immunosuppressants . [ 1 ]
The antibiotic described was found to show antimicrobial activity against gram-negative bacteria, gram-positive bacteria, and pathogenic fungi. [9] In addition to producing antibiotics, one strain of S. antibioticus has been discovered to induce a different species of Streptomyces to produce antibiotics. [11]
Antibiotics by class Generic name Brand names Common uses [4] Possible side effects [4] Mechanism of action Aminoglycosides; Amikacin: Amikin: Infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria, such as Escherichia coli and Klebsiella particularly Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Effective against aerobic bacteria (not obligate/facultative anaerobes) and ...
As human and bacteria both have ribosomes, streptomycin has significant side effects in humans. At low concentrations, however, streptomycin inhibits only bacterial growth. [18] Streptomycin is an antibiotic that inhibits both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, [19] and is therefore a useful broad-spectrum antibiotic.
Streptomyces is the largest genus of Actinomycetota, and the type genus of the family Streptomycetaceae. [3] Over 700 species of Streptomyces bacteria have been described. [4] [5] [6] As with the other Actinomycetota, streptomycetes are gram-positive, and have very large genomes with high GC content.
In fact, bacteria from the genus Streptomyces produce 75% of commercially and medically useful antibiotics. [15] In 1942, Streptothricin, an antibiotic made by Actinomycetes, was found to be produced by a strain of S. lavendulae. [16] Many natural compounds have led to the discovery of drugs used to treat human disease.
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