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  2. Inbreeding - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inbreeding

    Inbreeding is also used to reveal deleterious recessive alleles, which can then be eliminated through assortative breeding or through culling. In plant breeding, inbred lines are used as stocks for the creation of hybrid lines to make use of the effects of heterosis. Inbreeding in plants also occurs naturally in the form of self-pollination.

  3. Cousin marriage - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cousin_marriage

    In a few countries the most common type is between paternal cousins. [210] Muhammad actually did marry two relatives. [21] One was a first cousin, Zaynab bint Jahsh, who was not only the daughter of one of his father's sisters but was also divorced from a marriage with Muhammad's adopted son, Zayd ibn Haritha. It was the issue of adoption and ...

  4. Consanguine marriage - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consanguine_marriage

    Younger ages of marriage are commonly seen in consanguineous marriages, which may account for the increase in fertility seen in these unions. Chances of postnatal mortality are higher in offspring. The first year holds the highest chance of death due to the risk of autosomal recessive genes. This is also the cause of health complications as ...

  5. List of countries by total fertility rate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_total...

    The Population Reference Bureau (PRB) Country ranking and comparison by TFR: 1970 and 2013 list is sourced and based on the data of the 2014 World Population Data Sheet, [14] which was published online. [15] [16] Forecast/prediction ranking lists: The UN ranking list is sourced from the United Nations World Population Prospects. Figures are ...

  6. Endogamy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endogamy

    Endogamy is the cultural practice of mating within a specific social group, religious denomination, caste, or ethnic group, rejecting any from outside of the group or belief structure as unsuitable for marriage or other close personal relationships. Its opposite, exogamy, describes the social norm of marriage outside of the group.

  7. Cousin marriage in the Middle East - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cousin_marriage_in_the...

    While consanguinity is not unique to the Arab world, Arab countries have had "some of the highest rates of consanguineous marriages in the world". [1] The bint 'amm marriage , or marriage with one's father's brother's daughter ( bint al-'amm ) is especially common, especially in tribal and traditional Muslim communities, [ 2 ] where men and ...

  8. Royal intermarriage - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_intermarriage

    This is in part due to Section 11 of 1924 Palace Law of Succession which excludes members of the royal family from the line of succession if they marry a non-Thai national. [30] The late king Bhumibol Adulyadej was a first-cousin once removed of his wife, Sirikit, the two being, respectively, a grandson and a great-granddaughter of ...

  9. Social Progress Index - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_Progress_Index

    The Social Progress Index (SPI) measures the extent to which countries provide for the social and environmental needs of their citizens. Fifty-four indicators in the areas of basic human needs, foundations of well-being, and opportunity to progress show the relative performance of nations.