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NBE announced the birr would be devalued by 30% against the US dollar to promote a market-based foreign exchange system amidst the country's foreign exchange crisis. Many Ethiopians were concerned that the policy would increase the cost of living and exacerbate inflation. [2]
The government's introduction of a floating exchange rate led to a volatile period, with the Commercial Bank of Ethiopia and private banks rapidly adjusting their foreign exchange rates. The exchange rate as indicated by the Commercial Bank of Ethiopia (CBE) is plummeted from 57 birr per US dollar a week ago to the 106 birr per dollar.
There are several notable countries on the continent that do not have a stock exchange. The most notable is Ethiopia, although it does have a commodities exchange in Addis Ababa. In January 2021 a capital market bill was tabled to Ethiopian lawmakers that would establish a stock exchange through a public-private partnership. [1]
De Facto Classification of Exchange Rate Arrangements, as of April 30, 2021, and Monetary Policy Frameworks [2] Exchange rate arrangement (Number of countries) Exchange rate anchor Monetary aggregate target (25) Inflation Targeting framework (45) Others (43) US Dollar (37) Euro (28) Composite (8) Other (9) No separate legal tender (16) Ecuador ...
But the rise of technology has led to an evolved "black market" -- and rather than exotic animals and tangible exports, data like credit card information and even streaming accounts are up for grabs.
The Ethiopian government has made efforts since 2019 for this vision. In 2023, the country announced the upcoming launch of its first-ever securities exchange. [4] On April 7, 2024, NGX Group confirmed an investment in the Ethiopia Securities Exchange. In addition, he confirmed being one of the main institutional investors in the stock market. [5]
It now has a commodity exchange in Addis Ababa called the Ethiopia Commodity Exchange, established in 2008. [37] The Ethiopian economy has a large foreign debt, with an overall external debt of 28 billion US dollars. China owns over 13 billion dollars of its debt. Its debt to GDP ratio is smaller than similar and neighboring countries.
However periodic devaluations have been made. ERN is a very weak currency. The de facto exchange rate of the currency is around 100 ERN for US$1. [citation needed] The currency does not have a good demand outside of Eritrea. The black markets that exist in Asmara and a few other towns show the diminishing values of ERN.