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The origin of the Social Credit System can be traced back to the early 1990s as part of attempts to develop personal banking and financial credit rating systems in China, and was inspired by Western commercial credit systems like FICO, Equifax, and TransUnion. [17]
The scoring system has also been studied as a form of classification to shape an individual's life-chances—a form of economic inequality. [62] The classification scheme is necessitated by the loss of collective social services and risk. [63] The credit scoring system in the United States is similar to the Social Credit System in China. [64]
Most empirically derived credit scoring systems have between 10 and 20 variables. [6] Application scores tend to be dominated by credit bureau data which typically amounts to over 80% of the predictive power compared to 60% in the late 1980s [6] for UK scorecards. Indeed, there has been an increasing trend to minimize applicant or non ...
Alternative credit scoring systems can use data such as rental payments, utility payments, subprime credit, and cell phone bills. [25] Other sources are social media activities, internet browsing history, employment history, student history, past loan application dates and locations, or the method one uses when purchasing gasoline. [26]
Other forms of a rating agency include environmental, social and corporate governance (ESG) rating agencies and the Chinese Social Credit System. The debt instruments rated by CRAs include government bonds , corporate bonds , CDs , municipal bonds , preferred stock , and collateralized securities, such as mortgage-backed securities and ...
An auto loan is a good example as the cardholder is generally making the same payment for 36, 48, or 60 months. While installment debt is considered in risk scoring systems, it is a distant second in its importance behind the revolving credit card debt. Installment debt is generally secured by an asset like a car, home, or boat.
VantageScore is a consumer credit-scoring system in the United States, created through a joint venture of the three major credit bureaus (Equifax, Experian, and TransUnion). The model is managed and maintained by an independent company, VantageScore Solutions, LLC, that was formed in 2006 and is jointly owned by the three bureaus. [ 1 ]
Connect (financial services company) Credit bureau; Credit bureaus in the Philippines; Credit Karma; Credit scorecards; CRIF High Mark Credit Information Services; Criticism of credit scoring systems in the United States