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  2. Affirmation and negation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affirmation_and_negation

    In linguistics and grammar, affirmation (abbreviated AFF) and negation (NEG) are ways in which grammar encodes positive and negative polarity into verb phrases, clauses, or other utterances. An affirmative (positive) form is used to express the validity or truth of a basic assertion, while a negative form expresses its falsity.

  3. Negative inversion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negative_inversion

    In linguistics, negative inversion is one of many types of subject–auxiliary inversion in English.A negation (e.g. not, no, never, nothing, etc.) or a word that implies negation (only, hardly, scarcely) or a phrase containing one of these words precedes the finite auxiliary verb necessitating that the subject and finite verb undergo inversion. [1]

  4. Negative raising - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negative_raising

    In linguistics, negative raising is a phenomenon that concerns the raising of negation from the embedded or subordinate clause of certain predicates to the matrix or main clause. [1] The higher copy of the negation, in the matrix clause, is pronounced; but the semantic meaning is interpreted as though it were present in the embedded clause. [2]

  5. Polarity item - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polarity_item

    A negation is a negative polarity item, abbreviated NPI or NEG. The linguistic environment in which a polarity item appears is a licensing context. In the simplest case, an affirmative statement provides a licensing context for a PPI, while negation provides a licensing context for an NPI. However, there are many complications, and not all ...

  6. Negative verb - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negative_verb

    The English auxiliary 'do', in combination with the negative verb, indicates whether one or multiple individuals are involved, while the verb referring to the negated activity remains non-inflected. Concluding this, ordinary verbs take the auxiliary do when negated by not .

  7. Double negative - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_negative

    Discussing English grammar, the term "double negative" is often, [9] though not universally, [10] [11] applied to the non-standard use of a second negative as an intensifier to a negation. Double negatives are usually associated with regional and ethnical dialects such as Southern American English , African American Vernacular English , and ...

  8. Yes and no - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yes_and_no

    Like Early Modern English, the Romanian language has a four-form system. The affirmative and negative responses to positively phrased questions are da and nu, respectively. But in responses to negatively phrased questions they are prefixed with ba (i.e. ba da and ba nu). nu is also used as a negation adverb, infixed between subject and verb ...

  9. Voice (grammar) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voice_(grammar)

    The negation of notional passive is similar to English negation. Both are achieved by adding the negator “mei(you)没(有)” right before the transitive verb. In fact, in negation, “le” is no longer necessary in the sentence. Here is an example of negation of notional passive: