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Solifugae is an order of arachnids known variously as solifuges, sun spiders, camel spiders, and wind scorpions. The order includes more than 1,000 described species in about 147 genera . Despite the common names, they are neither true scorpions (order Scorpiones) nor true spiders (order Araneae ).
The orthopteran family Rhaphidophoridae of the suborder Ensifera has a worldwide distribution. [1] Common names for these insects include cave crickets, camel crickets, spider crickets (sometimes shortened to "criders" or "sprickets"), [2] and sand treaders.
The anatomy of spiders includes many characteristics shared with other arachnids. These characteristics include bodies divided into two tagmata (sections or segments), eight jointed legs, no wings or antennae, the presence of chelicerae and pedipalps , simple eyes , and an exoskeleton , which is periodically shed .
Scorpions, spiders and pseudoscorpions secrete venom from specialized glands to kill prey or defend themselves. [29] Their venom also contains pre-digestive enzymes that helps breaking down the prey. [ 30 ] [ 31 ] [ 32 ] The saliva of ticks contains anticoagulants and anticomplements, and several species produce a neurotoxin .
Ventral view of a solifuge, with malleoli visible Detail of malleoli on a solifuge. A malleolus (plural: malleoli) is a fan-shaped chemoreceptor or racquet organ, an array of which are carried in pairs on the ventral or undersides of Solpugidae.
Galeodes arabs is one of the larger species of camel spider and can reach a length of about 15 centimetres (5.9 in). They have large, powerful jaws, reaching one-third of their body length. They are nocturnal. They can reach a speed of 10 miles per hour (16 km/h).
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Solpugyla is a genus of solpugid camel spiders, first described by Carl Friedrich Roewer in 1933. [1] Species