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Social movement theory is an interdisciplinary study within the social sciences that generally seeks to explain why social mobilization occurs, the forms under which it manifests, as well as potential social, cultural, political, and economic consequences, such as the creation and functioning of social movements.
A social movement is a loosely organized effort by a large group of people to achieve a particular goal, typically a social or political one. [1] [2] This may be to carry out a social change, or to resist or undo one.
Artistic movements: see list of art movements. Independence movements: see lists of active separatist movements and list of historical separatist movements; Revolutionary movements: see List of revolutions and rebellions; Religious and spiritual movements: see List of religions and spiritual traditions and List of new religious movements
Additionally, if old social movements namely the worker's movement presupposed a working–class base and ideology, the new social movements are presumed to draw from a different social class base, that is, ‘the new class’, as a complex contemporary class structure that Claus Offe identifies as ‘threefold’: the new middle class ...
Social movements are large, sometimes informal, groupings of individuals or organizations which focus on specific political or social issues. In other words, they promote, resist or undo social change .
Value-added theory (also known as social strain theory) is a sociological theory, first proposed by Neil Smelser in 1962, which posits that certain conditions are needed for the development of a social movement.
The Navnirman movement reflected the anger of middle-class people and students at the prevalent economic crisis and corruption in government. It also showed the people's power to change the government by forcing it to resign by protesting. [2] [8] The movement raised the political awareness among the youth and promoted students' leadership. [1]
The same social movement may be viewed differently depending on a given context (usually the government of the country where it unfolds). [7] For example, Jack Goldstone notes that the human rights movement can be seen as a regular social movement in the West, but it is a revolutionary movement under oppressive régimes like that in China. [7]