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Apatite is a group of phosphate minerals, usually hydroxyapatite, fluorapatite and chlorapatite, with high concentrations of OH −, F − and Cl − ion, respectively, in the crystal. The formula of the admixture of the three most common endmembers is written as Ca 10 ( PO 4 ) 6 (OH,F,Cl) 2 , and the crystal unit cell formulae of the ...
Nelsonite. Nelsonite is an igneous rock primarily constituted of ilmenite and apatite, with anatase, chlorite, phosphosiderite, talc and/or wavellite appearing as minor components. Rocks are equigranular with a grain size around 2 – 3 mm. [2] The black ilmenite is slightly magnetic while the whitish apatite is not. [3]
Bone mineral (also called inorganic bone phase, bone salt, or bone apatite) is the inorganic component of bone tissue. It gives bones their compressive strength. Bone mineral is formed predominantly from carbonated hydroxyapatite [1][2] with lower crystallinity. [1][3] Bone mineral is formed from globular and plate structures [3][4] distributed ...
Pegmatite. A pegmatite is an igneous rock showing a very coarse texture, with large interlocking crystals usually greater in size than 1 cm (0.4 in) and sometimes greater than 1 meter (3 ft). Most pegmatites are composed of quartz, feldspar, and mica, having a similar silicic composition to granite.
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Diorite. Diorite (/ ˈdaɪ.əraɪt / DY-ə-ryte) [1][2] is an intrusive igneous rock formed by the slow cooling underground of magma (molten rock) that has a moderate content of silica and a relatively low content of alkali metals. It is intermediate in composition between low-silica (mafic) gabbro and high-silica (felsic) granite.
Phosphorite, phosphate rock or rock phosphate is a non- detrital sedimentary rock that contains high amounts of phosphate minerals. The phosphate content of phosphorite (or grade of phosphate rock) varies greatly, from 4% [1] to 20% phosphorus pentoxide (P 2 O 5). Marketed phosphate rock is enriched ("beneficiated") to at least 28%, often more ...
Carbonatite (/ kɑːrˈbɒnəˌtaɪt /) is a type of intrusive or extrusive igneous rock defined by mineralogic composition consisting of greater than 50% carbonate minerals. [1] Carbonatites may be confused with marble and may require geochemical verification. Carbonatites usually occur as small plugs within zoned alkalic intrusive complexes ...