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According to Gethin, the four truths and the eightfold path are only two lists of "literally hundreds of similar lists covering the whole range of the theory and practice of ancient Buddhism." [120] The position of the four truths within the canon raises questions, and has been investigated throughout the 19th and 20th centuries. [121]
The Buddhist path (marga) to liberation, also referred to as awakening, is described in a wide variety of ways. [1] The classical one is the Noble Eightfold Path, which is only one of several summaries presented in the Sutta Pitaka. A number of other paths to liberation exist within various Buddhist traditions and theology.
The Pali term ariya aṭṭhaṅgika magga (Sanskrit: āryāṣṭāṅgamārga) is typically translated in English as 'Noble Eightfold Path'. This translation is a convention started by the early translators of Buddhist texts into English, just like ariya sacca is translated as 'Four Noble Truths'.
The Four Right Exertions are associated with the Noble Eightfold Path's factor of "right effort" (sammā-vāyāma) and the Five Spiritual Faculties' faculty of "energy" ; and, are one of the seven sets of Bodhipakkhiyadhamma, factors related to bodhi.
The Four Noble Truths; The Noble Eightfold Path; The Twelve Insights of the Four Noble Truths; Proclamation of release from the cycle of rebirth (commonly referred to as nibbana) The Opening of the Dhamma Eye (the attainment of right view) of the first awakened disciple, Aññā Kondañña
This Eightfold Path is the fourth of the Four Noble Truths and asserts the path to the cessation of dukkha (suffering, pain, unsatisfactoriness). [210] [211] The path teaches that the way of the enlightened ones stopped their craving, clinging and karmic accumulations, and thus ended their endless cycles of rebirth and suffering. [212] [213] [214]
A common presentation of the core structure of Buddha's teaching found in the early texts is that of the Four Noble Truths, [349] which refers to the Noble Eightfold Path. [ 350 ] [ aj ] According to Gethin, another common summary of the path to awakening wisely used in the early texts is "abandoning the hindrances , practice of the four ...
magga (path, Noble Eightfold Path) is the means to end this dukkha. [15] [16] [17] The Four Noble Truths express the central problem motivating Buddhist ethics—the need for liberation from suffering. According to the first Noble Truth, worldly existence is fraught with suffering (dukkha).