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The Nordoff–Robbins approach to music therapy is a method developed to help children with psychological, physical, or developmental disabilities. [1] It originated from the collaboration of Paul Nordoff and Clive Robbins, [2] which began in 1958, [3] with early influences from Rudolph Steiner and anthroposophical philosophy and teachings. [4]
Music therapy may be suggested for adolescent populations to help manage disorders usually diagnosed in adolescence, such as mood/anxiety disorders and eating disorders, or inappropriate behaviors, including suicide attempts, withdrawal from family, social isolation from peers, aggression, running away, and substance abuse.
In the context of psychology, a coping strategy is any technique or practice designed to reduce or manage the negative effects associated with stress. While stress is known to be a natural biological response, biologists and psychologists have repeatedly demonstrated that stress in excess can lead to negative effects on one's physical and psychological well-being. [3]
Methodical means that music therapy always proceeds in an orderly fashion. It involves three basic steps: assessment, treatment, and evaluation. Treatment is the part of a music therapy process in which the therapist engages the client in various musical experiences, employing specific methods and in-the-moment techniques.
Music therapy is a broad field with many areas and populations to specialize in. A holistic practice, music therapy can address emotional/psychological, cognitive, communication, motor, sensory, pain, social, behavioral, end of life, and even spiritual needs. This is due in part to music being processed in many areas of the brain.
Mary Priestley (4 March 1925 – 11 June 2017) was a British music therapist. She has been credited for development of analytical music therapy (AMT), one of five models recognized by the World Congress of Music Therapy in 1999. [1]
Examples include kneading bread dough, wringing out a towel, avoiding laser-beams or miming the shape of an imaginary object. In some cases, and historically, this is referred to as Shaping, though many practitioners feel that all three Modes of Shape Change are "shaping" in some way, and that the term is thus ambiguous and overloaded.
The diagram first appeared in Imagery and Visual Expression in Therapy by Vija B. Lusebrink (1990). [1] The Expressive Therapies Continuum (ETC) is a model of creative functioning [2] used in the field of art therapy that is applicable to creative processes both within and outside of an expressive therapeutic setting. [3]