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In yoga, mudrās are used in conjunction with pranayama (yogic breathing exercises), generally while seated in Padmasana, Ardhasiddhasana, Sukhasana or Vajrasana pose, to stimulate different parts of the body and mind, and to affect the flow of prana in the body.
Asanas, along with the breathing exercises of pranayama, are the physical movements of hatha yoga and of modern yoga. [17] [18] Patanjali describes asanas as a "steady and comfortable posture", [19] referring to the seated postures used for pranayama and for meditation, where meditation is the path to samadhi, transpersonal self-realization ...
A single asana is listed for each main pose, whether or not there are variations. Thus for Sirsasana (Yoga headstand), only one pose is illustrated, although the pose can be varied by moving the legs apart sideways or front-and-back, by lowering one leg to the floor, by folding the legs into lotus posture, by turning the hips to one side, by placing the hands differently on the ground, and so on.
The last two associations, sananda samadhi and sasmita, are respectively a state of meditation, and an object of savichara samadhi: Sananda Samadhi, ananda, [i] "bliss": this state emphasizes the still subtler state of bliss in meditation; [60] Sasmita: the citta is concentrated upon the sense or feeling of "I-am-ness". [60]
Meditative postures or meditation seats are the body positions or asanas, usually sitting but also sometimes standing or reclining, used to facilitate meditation. Best known in the Buddhist and Hindu traditions are the lotus and kneeling positions; other options include sitting on a chair, with the spine upright.
Pranayama is the fourth "limb" of the eight limbs of Ashtanga Yoga, as mentioned in verse 2.29 of the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali. [8] [9] Patanjali, a Rishi, discusses his specific approach to pranayama in verses 2.49 through 2.51, and devotes verses 2.52 and 2.53 to explaining the benefits of the practice. [10]
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Meditation traditions, including yoga and Buddhist meditation, emphasize breath control. Yoga's pranayama is believed by practitioners to elevate life energies, while Buddhist vipassanā uses anapanasati for mindfulness of breathing. In music, circular breathing enables wind instrument players to produce a continuous tone. Singers, too, rely on ...