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The norepinephrine transporter gene, SLC6A2 is located on human chromosome 16 locus 16q12.2. This gene is encoded by 14 exons. [7] Based on the nucleotide and amino acid sequence, the NET transporter consists of 617 amino acids with 12 membrane-spanning domains.
[1] [2] 2′-NH 2-MPTP is transported by the serotonin transporter (SERT) into serotonergic neurons and by the norepinephrine transporter (NET) into noradrenergic neurons, and its serotonergic and noradrenergic neurotoxicity is dependent on this transport by the SERT and NET, respectively.
In genetics, rs5569 (A1287G or G1287A) is a genetic variant.It is a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the SLC6A2 gene in exon 9. This gene codes the norepinephrine transporter.
Monoamine transporters are members of the group of Na + /Cl −-dependent substrate-specific neuronal membrane transporters belonging to the SLC6 gene family. [5] MATs are large integral membrane proteins composed of 12 transmembrane domains connected by intracellular and extracellular loops.
The solute carrier family 18 member 2 (SLC18A2) also known as vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC18A2 gene. [5] SLC18A2 is an integral membrane protein that transports monoamines —particularly neurotransmitters such as dopamine , norepinephrine , serotonin , and histamine —from ...
The vesicular monoamine transporter (VMAT) is a transport protein integrated into the membranes of synaptic vesicles of presynaptic neurons.It transports monoamine neurotransmitters – such as dopamine, serotonin, norepinephrine, epinephrine, and histamine – into the vesicles, which release the neurotransmitters into synapses, as chemical messages to postsynaptic neurons.
Antidepressants such as SSRIs, SNRIs and TCAs suppress the activity of serotonin and/or norepinephrine transporters, preventing the reuptake of targeted neurotransmitters from the synaptic cleft. Psychostimulants like cocaine , amphetamines , and methylphenidate act by inhibiting and/or reversing the dopamine and/or norepinephrine transporters.
Norepinephrine is synthesized from the amino acid tyrosine by a series of enzymatic steps in the adrenal medulla and postganglionic neurons of the sympathetic nervous system, while the norepinephrine that functions as a neurotransmitter in the brain is produced in the locus coeruleus, located in the pons of the brainstem. [11]