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For distributed temperature sensing often a code correlation technology [2] [3] [4] is employed which carries elements from both principles. OTDR was developed more than 20 years ago and has become the industry standard for telecom loss measurements which detects the—compared to Raman signal very dominant— Rayleigh backscattering signals.
The integrated circuit sensor may come in a variety of interfaces — analogue or digital; for digital, these could be Serial Peripheral Interface, SMBus/I 2 C or 1-Wire.. In OpenBSD, many of the I 2 C temperature sensors from the below list have been supported and are accessible through the generalised hardware sensors framework [3] since OpenBSD 3.9 (2006), [4] [5]: §6.1 which has also ...
The silicon bandgap temperature sensor is an extremely common form of temperature sensor (thermometer) used in electronic equipment. Its main advantage is that it can be included in a silicon integrated circuit at very low cost.
For example, a temperature-controlled circulating bath has two PID controllers in cascade, each with its own thermocouple temperature sensor. The outer controller controls the temperature of the water using a thermocouple located far from the heater, where it accurately reads the temperature of the bulk of the water.
Distributed fiber-optic sensing technology can be used for leak detection through DAS and DTS. [26] AP Sensing has a regional office in Bahrain , and operates throughout the Middle East . [ 27 ] Their Distributed Fibre Optic Sensing is designed to monitor pipeline leaks, and is used by the Kuwait Oil Company and the Abu Dhabi National Oil Company .
The file format specifications and C source code for a library to read and write GSF files are available from Leidos, [1] who maintain both the format specification and the source code. [3] The GSF library source code is published under the GNU Lesser General Public License, version 2.1. [3]
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All parameters and diagnosis data, pre-defined by the IO-Link standard, [3] are described in the file"IODD-StandardDefinitions[version].xml" with the same syntax used in the IODD. These default parameters and diagnosis data are not described but referenced in the IODD.