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  2. Polar vortex - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polar_vortex

    A more typical weak tropospheric polar vortex on January 5, 2014. A circumpolar vortex, or simply polar vortex, is a large region of cold, rotating air; polar vortices encircle both of Earth's polar regions. Polar vortices also exist on other rotating, low- obliquity planetary bodies. [1] The term polar vortex can be used to describe two ...

  3. Vortex - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vortex

    Saturn's north polar vortex. A rotational vortex – a vortex that rotates in the same way as a rigid body – cannot exist indefinitely in that state except through the application of some extra force, that is not generated by the fluid motion itself. It has non-zero vorticity everywhere outside the core.

  4. Rossby wave - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rossby_wave

    Rossby waves, also known as planetary waves, are a type of inertial wave naturally occurring in rotating fluids. [1] They were first identified by Sweden-born American meteorologist Carl-Gustaf Arvid Rossby in the Earth's atmosphere in 1939. They are observed in the atmospheres and oceans of Earth and other planets, owing to the rotation of ...

  5. Here's what you need to know about the polar vortex

    www.aol.com/weather/heres-know-polar-vortex...

    AccuWeather forecasters break down the science behind the polar vortex and how it can influence the weather for locations thousands of miles away. While the name for this phenomenon may sound ...

  6. What is the polar vortex? In-depth look at how it can affect ...

    www.aol.com/polar-vortex-depth-look-affect...

    The polar vortex is a gigantic, circular area of cold air high up in the atmosphere that typically spins over the North Pole (as its name suggests).

  7. January–February 2019 North American cold wave - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January–February_2019...

    Early 2019 North American cold wave. In late January 2019, a severe cold wave caused by a weakened jet stream around the Arctic polar vortex [5] hit the Midwestern United States and Eastern Canada, killing at least 22 people. [3][4] It came after a winter storm brought up to 13 inches (33 cm) of snow in some regions from January 27–29, and ...

  8. Jet stream - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jet_stream

    The polar vortex is circled by the polar night jet. The warmer air can only move along the edge of the polar vortex, but not enter it. Within the vortex, the cold polar air becomes increasingly cold, due to a lack of warmer air from lower latitudes as well as a lack of energy from the Sun entering during the polar night. [106]

  9. Vorticity equation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vorticity_equation

    The vorticity equation can be derived from the Navier–Stokes equation for the conservation of angular momentum. In the absence of any concentrated torques and line forces, one obtains: Now, vorticity is defined as the curl of the flow velocity vector; taking the curl of momentum equation yields the desired equation.