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Lepidodendron is an extinct genus of primitive lycopodian vascular plants belonging the order Lepidodendrales. It is well preserved and common in the fossil record. Like other Lepidodendrales, species of Lepidodendron grew as large-tree-like plants in wetland coal forest environments. They sometimes reached heights of 50 metres (160 feet), [1 ...
Lepidodendrales (from the Greek for "scale tree") or arborescent lycophytes are an extinct order of primitive, vascular, heterosporous, arborescent (tree -like) plants belonging to Lycopodiopsida. Members of Lepidodendrales are the best understood of the fossil lycopsids due to the vast diversity of Lepidodendrales specimens and the diversity ...
Lycopodiopsida. Order: † Lepidodendrales. Genus: †Stigmaria. Brongn. Stigmaria is a form taxon for common fossils found in Carboniferous rocks. [1] They represent the underground rooting structures of arborescent lycophytes such as Sigillaria and Lepidodendron under the order Lepidodendrales.
Sigillaria. Bark fragment from Sigillaria mamillaris sp. Estonian Museum of Natural History, Tallinn, Estonia. Sigillaria is a genus of extinct, spore-bearing, arborescent lycophyte, known from the Carboniferous and Permian periods. It is related to the more famous Lepidodendron, and more distantly to modern quillworts.
Fossil Grove. The Fossil Grove is a group of plant fossils located within Victoria Park, Glasgow, Scotland. It was discovered in 1887 and contains the fossilised stumps and the stigmarian system of eleven extinct Lepidodendron lycopsids, [1] which are sometimes described as "giant club mosses" but are more closely related to quillworts.
During the Carboniferous, tree-like plants (such as Lepidodendron, Sigillaria, and other extinct genera of the order Lepidodendrales) formed huge forests that dominated the landscape. Unlike modern trees, leaves grew out of the entire surface of the trunk and branches, but fell off as the plant grew, leaving only a small cluster of leaves at ...
The Carboniferous coal swamps of West Virginia were dominated by ground pines of the genus Lepidodendron that could reach more than 100 feet in height. Sigilaria, however, was the largest tree and could be up to six feet in diameter at the base. [10] Other Carboniferous plant fossils in West Virginia include the leaves of seed ferns Alethopteris.
Lycopodiopsida - clubmosses, spikemosses, quillworts, scale trees. The lycophytes, when broadly circumscribed, are a group of vascular plants that include the clubmosses. They are sometimes placed in a division Lycopodiophyta or Lycophyta or in a subdivision Lycopodiophytina. They are one of the oldest lineages of extant (living) vascular ...
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